FIG 6.

TGF-β1 rescues IEC-6 cell monolayers from migration deficits induced by C. difficile TcdA treatment. After scratch wound assay performance on IEC-6 monolayers, cells were incubated for 24 h in culture medium (control) with TcdA (10 ng/ml), TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml), or TcdA plus TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml). After 24 h, TcdA cell monolayer migration deficits persisted (C and E); however, TGF-β1 concomitant incubation rescued cells from TcdA-induced migration deficits (D and E). TGF-β1 alone did not affect cell migration (B and E). *, P < 0.05 (ANOVA and Bonferroni's test). Scale bar: 10 μm.