Table 3.
Minimum and maximum levels of economic indicators in organic livestock expressed relative to those of conventional livestock within the same article
| Value organic relative to conventional (conventional=100) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Animal types | Economic indicator | Unit | Number of articles | Number of articles with data from <10 conventional (organic) farms 1 | Minimum | Maximum |
| Dairy cattle | Variable costs | €/cow | 2 | 0 (0) | 70 | 98 |
| €/ha | 1 | 1 (1) | 28 | 28 | ||
| Fixed costs | €/cow | 1 | 0 (0) | 82 | 103 | |
| Total costs | €/cow | 2 | 0 (0) | 81 | 99 | |
| €/cwt 2 | 1 | 0 (0) | 166 | 166 | ||
| Price premium | % | 6 | 1 (2) | 100 | 184 | |
| Gross margin | €/cow | 1 | 0 (0) | 111 | 111 | |
| €/farm | 1 | 1 (1) | 45 | 45 | ||
| €/ha | 1 | 1 (1) | 135 | 135 | ||
| Farm income | €/cow | 2 | 0 (1) | 110 | 534 | |
| €/farm | 2 | 1 (1) | 76 | 166 | ||
| €/ha | 1 | 0 (0) | 165 | 165 | ||
| Employability | %/cow | 1 | 0 (0) | 200 | 200 | |
| %/cwt | 1 | 0 (0) | 104 | 104 | ||
| Risk | Milk price 3 | 1 | 0 (0) | 230 | 230 | |
| Feed price 3 | 1 | 0 (0) | 214 | 214 | ||
| Milk yield 3 | 1 | 0 (0) | 130 | 130 | ||
| Beef cattle | Variable costs | €/head | 1 | 1 (1) | 152 | 152 |
| Fixed costs | €/head | 1 | 1 (1) | 113 | 113 | |
| Total costs | €/head | 1 | 1 (1) | 187 | 187 | |
| Price premium | % | 2 | 2 (2) | 112 | 125 | |
| Gross margin | €/pen | 1 | 1 (1) | 37 | 37 | |
| Farm income | €/100 head | 1 | 1 (1) | 270 | 270 | |
| Broilers | Variable costs | €/kg | 2 | 2 (2) | 118 | 176 |
| Fixed costs | €/kg | 2 | 2 (2) | 166 | 760 | |
| Total costs | €/kg | 2 | 2 (2) | 120 | 187 | |
| Price premium | % | 2 | 2 (2) | 200 | 207 | |
| Farm income | €/kg | 1 | 1 (1) | 1300 | 1300 | |
| €/fte | 1 | 1 (1) | 1043 | 1043 | ||
| €/farm | 1 | 1 (1) | 224 | 224 | ||
| Employability | % | 1 | 1 (1) | 175 | 175 | |
| Laying hens | Variable costs | €/hen | 1 | 1 (1) | 165 | 165 |
| Price premium | % | 1 | 1 (1) | 239 | 239 | |
| Gross margin | €/kg | 1 | 1 (1) | 123 | 123 | |
| Farm income | €/fte | 1 | 1 (1) | 256 | 256 | |
1
Number of farms in panel data or case studies. An experiment or model are both considered as one farm.
2
CWT: equivalent milk production.
3
Measured as average detrended within-farm standard deviation.