Table 3. Sensitivity, intermediate resistance, and resistance frequency of some isolated gram negative bacteria to different tested antimicrobials during 2013, 2014, and 2015 at the nephrology ward .
| Antimicrobial agent/Microorganism | Sensitive (n) | Intermediate (n) | Resistant (n) | ||||||
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | |
| Escherichia coli | |||||||||
| Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 8 | 14 | 6 | - | - | - | 5 | 42 | 17 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 17 | 18 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 41 | 38 | 16 |
| Chloramphenicol | 8 | 10 | 5 | 3 | - | - | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Nitrofurantoin | - | 35 | 15 | - | 10 | 2 | 12 | 6 | - |
| Amikacin | - 27 | 12 | 24 | 18 | 7 | 11 | 13 | 4 | |
| Gentamicin | - | 39 | 12 | - | 3 | - | - | 20 | 10 |
| Imipenem | - | 1 | 3 | 1 | - | - | 2 | 2 | 3 |
| Colistin | - | - | 6 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Cefixime | 12 | 15 | 5 | 1 | 1 - | - | 39 | 18 | |
| Ceftriaxone | - | 13 | 5 | 1 | - | - | 36 | 34 | 14 |
| Ceftizoxime | - | 13 | - | - | 4 | - | 37 | 24 | 4 |
| Ceftazidime | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - |
| Cefotaxime | - | 5 | 5 | - | - | - | 1 | 13 | 12 |
| Cephalexin | - | 10 | 4 | - | 1 | 2 | 43 | 40 | 17 |
| Total | 45 | 200 | 101 | 31 | 38 | 12 | 189 | 273 | 116 |
| Percent | 16.9 | 39.1 | 44.1 | 11.7 | 7.4 | 5.2 | 71.3 | 53.4 | 50.7 |
| Klebsiella spp. | |||||||||
| Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 7 | 12 | 2 | - | - | - | 12 | 11 5 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | 11 | 15 | 4 | - | - | 2 | 8 | 8 | 3 |
| Chloramphenicol | 9 | 6 | 3 | - | - | - | 2 | 3 | - |
| Nitrofurantoin | 2 | 1 | - | 2 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 11 | 3 |
| Amikacin | 8 | 12 | 3 | - | 4 | 5 | 8 | 6 | 1 |
| Gentamicin | 15 | 16 | 2 | - | - 1 | 5 | 8 | 4 | |
| Imipenem | 4 | - | 2 | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | 2 |
| Colistin | - | - | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Cephalexin | - | 8 | 1 | - | - | - | - | 15 | 6 |
| Cefixime | - | 9 | 2 | - | - | - | - | 12 | 5 |
| Ceftizoxime | - | 9 | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | - | - | 3 |
| Ceftriaxone | - | 5 | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | 7 | 3 |
| Cefotaxime | - | 2 | 1 | - | - | - | - | 10 | 2 |
| Ceftazidime | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | - |
| Total | 56 | 96 | 25 | 2 | 8 | 12 | 42 | 93 | 37 |
| Percent | 56 | 48.7 | 33.8 | 2 | 4.1 | 16.2 | 42 | 47.2 | 50 |
| Acinetobacter spp. | |||||||||
| Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 19 | 10 | 6 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 4 | - | - | - | - | 1 | 15 | 14 | 7 |
| Nitrofurantoin | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | 5 | - |
| Chloramphenicol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 13 | 8 | 5 |
| Amikacin | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | 13 | 11 | 7 |
| Gentamicin | 1 | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | 16 | 12 | 7 |
| Imipenem | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 3 | 3 | 7 |
| Colistin | - | 2 | 7 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Ceftazidime | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | 3 |
| Cefixime | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 14 | 7 |
| Ceftizoxime | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | 4 |
| Cefotaxime | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | 1 |
| Ceftriaxone | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | 5 | 2 |
| Total | 6 | 6 | 7 | 1 | - | 2 | 86 | 96 | 56 |
| Percent | 6.5 | 5.9 | 10.8 | 1.1 | - | 3.1 | 92.5 | 94.1 | 86.2 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | |||||||||
| Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6 | 4 | 3 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 6 | 5 | 2 | - | - | - | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Nitrofurantoin | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| Chloramphenicol | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| Amikacin | - | 5 | 1 | - | - | 1 | 5 | 1 | - |
| Gentamicin | - | 4 1 | - | - | - | 4 | 1 | 2 | |
| Imipenem | - | - | 2 | - | - | - | 1 | - | - |
| Colistin | - | - | 2 | - | - | 1 | - | - | - |
| Ceftriaxone | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | 1 |
| Cefixime | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | 3 |
| Cefotaxime | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 |
| Ceftizoxime | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | - | 2 | 1 |
| Total | 6 | 16 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 26 | 19 | 14 |
| Percent | 18.2 | 44.4 | 33.3 | 3 | 2.8 | 8.3 | 78.8 | 52.8 | 58.3 |
| Enterobacter spp. | |||||||||
| Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole | 5 | 4 | 2 | - | 2 | - | 5 | 7 | - |
| Ciprofloxacin | 7 | 8 | 2 | 2 | - | - | 4 | 4 | - |
| Nitrofurantoin | - | 1 | - | - | 1 | - | 3 | - | 1 |
| Chloramphenicol | 2 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | - | 6 | - | - |
| Amikacin | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | - | 4 | 2 | - |
| Gentamicin | 7 | 6 | 2 | - | - | - | 3 | 6 | - |
| Imipenem | - | 2 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Colistin | - | 1 | 1 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Cefixime | 3 | 6 | 2 | 2 | - | - | 5 | 5 | - |
| Ceftizoxime | 6 | 4 | 1 | - | - | - | 3 | - | - |
| Ceftazidime | - | - | - | - | 1 | - | 1 | - | - |
| Cefotaxime | 1 | - | 1 | - | - | - | - | 1 | - |
| Ceftriaxone | 3 | 2 | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | - |
| Total | 40 | 44 | 16 | 7 | 8 | - | 35 | 26 | 1 |
| Percent | 48.8 | 56.4 | 94.1 | 8.5 | 10.3 | - | 42.7 | 33.3 | 5.9 |