Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with and without recurrence.
| Characteristics | Overall | With recurrence | Without recurrence | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 8287 | 934 | 7353 | |
| Sex (male), n,% | ||||
| Female | 3054/8287 (36.9%) | 349 (37.4%) | 2705 (36.8%) | |
| Male | 5233/8287 (63.1%) | 585/934 (62.6%) | 4648/7353 (63.2%) | 0.7299 |
| Age, y (mean±SD) | 63.24±9.65 | 64.86±9.05 | 63.03±9.71 | 0 |
| Age, median (Q1–3), y | 64 (56–72) | 66 (58–73) | 64 (55–71) | 0 |
| BMI (kg/m2) (mean ±SD) | 24.62±3.83 | 24.68±3.38 | 24.61±3.88 | 0.6594 |
| BMI (kg/m2) median (Q1–Q3) | 24.34 (22.49–26.45) | 24.46 (22.49–26.67) | 24.3 (22.48–26.42) | 0.1786 |
| BMI <25 | 4442/7534 (59%) | 483/838 (57.6%) | 3959/6696 (59.1%) | 0.5463 |
| BMI 25–30 | 2698/7534 (35.8%) | 314/838 (37.5%) | 2384/6696 (35.6%) | |
| BMI ≥30 | 394/7534 (5.2%) | 41 (4.9%) | 353 (5.3%) | |
| Vascular risk factor, n,% | ||||
| Smoking | 5664/8287 (68.3%) | 683/934 (73.1%) | 4981/7353 (67.7%) | 0.0009 |
| Heavy drinking | 2395/8287 (28.9%) | 237/934 (25.4%) | 2158/7353 (29.3%) | 0.0116 |
| Hypertension | 5285/8287 (63.8%) | 671/934 (71.8%) | 4614/7353 (62.7%) | 0 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1794/8287 (21.6%) | 228/934 (24.4%) | 1566/7353 (21.3%) | 0.0295 |
| Dyslipidemia | 1018/8287 (12.3%) | 148/934 (15.8%) | 870/7353 (11.8%) | 0.0004 |
| Heart failure | 112/8287 (1.4%) | 22/934 (2.4%) | 90/7353 (1.2%) | 0.0048 |
| Coronary heart disease | 1086/8287 (13.1%) | 201/934 (21.5%) | 885/7353 (12.0%) | 0 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 40/8287 (0.5%) | 4/934 (0.4%) | 36/7353 (0.5%) | 0.7989 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 434/8287 (5.2%) | 97/934 (10.4%) | 337/7353 (4.6%) | 0 |
| History of stroke/TIA | 2586/8287 (31.2%) | 429/934 (45.9%) | 2157/7353 (29.3%) | 0 |
| Admission NIHSS score | 5.53+5.93 (8287) | 6.09+6.69 (934) | 5.46+5.83 (7353) | 0.0021 |
| NIHSS, median (Q1–Q3) | 4 (2–8) (8287) | 4 (1–8) (934) | 4 (2–7) (7353) | 0.247 |
| Drugs | ||||
| Lipid-lowering agents | 223/8218 (2.7%) | 44/919 (4.8%) | 179/7299 (2.5%) | 0 |
| Antihypertensive agents | 3887/8287 (46.9%) | 507/934 (54.3%) | 3380/7353 (46.0%) | 0 |
| Hypoglycemic agents | 1983/8287 (23.9%) | 269/934 (28.8%) | 1714/7353 (23.3%) | 0.0002 |
| Antiplatelet agents | 1359/8287 (16.4%) | 223/934 (23.9%) | 1136/7353 (15.4%) | 0 |
BMI – body mass index; NIHSS – the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. Heavy drinking indicates ≥2 standard alcohol intake/day.