Table 2.
Fatty acid compositions (%) (determined by GC–MS) of total lipids produced by Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus oligosporus in solid-state fermentation (day 2) of apricot kernels
Fatty acids (%) | Samples | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unfermented | SSF with Aspergillus niger | SSF with Rhizopus oligosporus | ||||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | |
16:0 | 7.31a | 0.29 | 3.80c | 0.15 | 4.80b | 0.19 |
16:1 (n − 9) | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
16:1 (n − 7) | 1.95 | 0.08 | 0.83 | 0.03 | 0.83 | 0.03 |
17:0 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.01 |
17:1 (n − 9) | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.02 |
18:0 | 2.81a | 0.11 | 1.00c | 0.04 | 1.15b | 0.05 |
18:1 (n − 9) | 51.46c | 2.06 | 54.10a | 2.16 | 53.90b | 2.16 |
18:1 (n − 7) | 3.58 | 0.14 | 3.65 | 0.15 | 3.70 | 0.15 |
18:2 (n − 6) | 32.30c | 1.29 | 36.20a | 1.45 | 35.21b | 1.41 |
18:3 (n − 3) | 0.14 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.01 |
20:0 | 0.16 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 |
20:1 (n − 9) | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.01 |
SFAs | 10.32a | 0.41 | 4.92c | 0.20 | 6.05b | 0.24 |
MUFAs | 57.25c | 2.29 | 58.81a | 2.35 | 58.65b | 2.34 |
PUFAs | 32.44c | 1.30 | 36.27a | 1.45 | 35.30b | 1.41 |
n − 3 PUFAs | 0.14a | 0.02 | 0.07c | 0.01 | 0.09b | 0.01 |
n − 6 PUFAs | 32.30c | 1.29 | 36.20a | 1.45 | 35.21b | 1.40 |
Values are the means of three measurements (n = 3). Different superscript letters (a–c) in the same row indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) among fatty acids of the unfermented and fermented substrates (ANOVA “Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test”). C16:0 palmitic; C16:1(n − 9) cis-7 hexadecenoic; C16:1(n − 7) palmitoleic; C17:0 margaric; C17:1(n − 9) heptadecenoic; C18:0, stearic; C18:1(n − 9), oleic; C18:1(n − 7), vaccenic; C18:2(n − 6), linoleic; C18:3(n − 3), α-linolenic; C20:0, arachidic; C20:1(n − 9), 11-eicosenoic; SFAs saturated fatty acids; MUFAs monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFAs polyunsaturated fatty acids