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. 2017 Sep 21;7:12084. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12360-0

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Valproic acid decreases bone marrow homing capacity of in vitro expanded CD34⁺ cells. (a) Schematic representation of the homing assay performed in NSG mice. CD34⁺ cells were re-isolated after 5 days ex vivo treatment with VPA or PBS. 1 × 10⁶ CD34⁺ cells were transplanted by intravenous injection into the retro-orbital venous plexus of sub-lethally irradiated (100 cGy) NSG mice. Homing was quantified by flow cytometric analysis of human leucocytes (human CD45⁺) in the bone marrow of recipient mice 24 hours after injection. (b) The absolute number of human leukocytes homing to the femur of recipient mice was significantly reduced by ex vivo treatment of CD34⁺ with VPA compared to control cells (n = 8–14). Data are shown as mean ± SD, ***p < 0.001.