Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters in aged mice after six weeks of VLDL injection.
| Control (n = 18) | nVLDL (n = 17) | msVLDL (n = 19) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (bpm) | 425 ± 28 | 424 ± 46 | 410 ± 67 | 0.7243 |
| Measurement (mm) | ||||
| Ao Root | 1.91 ± 0.12 | 1.99 ± 0.10 | 1.98 ± 0.14 | 0.0992 |
| LA | 2.15 ± 0.17 | 2.23 ± 0.25 | 2.62 ± 0.33 | <0.0001¶# |
| IVSd | 1.03 ± 0.16 | 1.04 ± 0.12 | 1.03 ± 0.14 | 0.9307 |
| LVIDd | 3.78 ± 0.27 | 3.90 ± 0.20 | 4.08 ± 0.46 | 0.0338¶ |
| LVPWd | 0.93 ± 0.13 | 0.93 ± 0.16 | 0.86 ± 0.12 | 0.2253 |
| LVIDs | 2.37 ± 0.33 | 2.50 ± 0.24 | 2.79 ± 0.46 | 0.0038¶ |
| Calculation | ||||
| EF (%) | 67.6 ± 7.9 | 66.0 ± 5.8 | 60.3 ± 7.3 | 0.0076¶ |
| FS (%) | 37.4 ± 6.2 | 36.0 ± 4.4 | 32.0 ± 4.9 | 0.0093¶ |
| LV Mass (mg) | 142.2 ± 23.6 | 151.1 ± 23.2 | 152.6 ± 29.4 | 0.4372 |
| LVEDV (µL) | 61.6 ± 9.7 | 66.1 ± 8.0 | 74.5 ± 19.6 | 0.0222¶ |
| LVESV (µL) | 20.2 ± 6.5 | 22.6 ± 5.1 | 30.4 ± 11.9 | 0.0019¶# |
HR, heart rate during the echocardiographic measurement; Ao Root, aortic root diameter; LA, left atrium diameter; IVSd, end-diastolic interventricular septum thickness; LVIDd, end-diastolic LV internal dimension; LVPWd, end-diastolic LV posterior wall thickness; LVIDs, end-systolic LV internal dimension; EF, ejection of fraction; FS, fraction of shortening; LV, left ventricle; LVEDV, LV end-diastolic volume; LVESD, LV end-systolic volume. ¶Comparisons significant for msVLDL vs Control. #Comparison significant for msVLDL vs nVLDL.