Table 3.
Moderated multiple regression analysis of emotional distress (EMO) and school connectedness (SC) on educational achievement (ED)
| Variable/model | Multiply imputed (N = 7276) |
Not imputed (SP: N = 5931; ATT: N = 7262) |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stand, coef. (β) | SE | Unstand. coef. | 95 % CI | R2 (f2) | Incr. R2 | Semi-par correl. | Stand, coef. (β) | SE | Unstand. coef. | 95 % CI |
R2 (f2) | ||
| LL | UL | LL | UL | ||||||||||
| ED–SP (school performance) | |||||||||||||
| Model 1 (b1) (“main effect of W1EMO”) | −0.38*** | 0.03 | −11.35 | −0.45 | −0.31 | .20 (.25) | −0.37*** | 0.03 | −10.77 | −0.44 | −0.30 | .19 (.24) | |
| Model 2 (“additive”) | .22 .02 (.28) | .21 (.27) | |||||||||||
| W1EMO (b1) | −0.25*** | 0.03 | −7.39 | −0.31 | −0.18 | −0.25*** | 0.04 | −6.79 | −0.32 | −0.17 | |||
| W1SC (b2) | 023*** | 0.02 | 10.28 | 0.19 | 0.28 | 0.22*** | 0.02 | 8.82 | 0.17 | 0.27 | |||
| Model 3 (“multiplicative”) | .23 .01 (.30) | .22 (.28) | |||||||||||
| W1EMO (b1) | −0.28*** | 0.03 | −8.30 | −0.34 | −0.21 | −0.15 | −0.27*** | 0.04 | −7.58 | −0.34 | −0.20 | ||
| W1SC (b2) | 0.24*** | 0.02 | 10.59 | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.16 | 0.23*** | 0.03 | 9.14 | 0.18 | 0.27 | ||
| W1EMO × W1SC (b3) | −0.13*** | 0.04 | −3.01 | −0.21 | −0.04 | −0.05 | −0.13** | 0.04 | 2.88 | −0.21 | −0.04 | ||
| ED–ATT (educational attainment) | |||||||||||||
| Model 1 (“main effect of W1EMO”) | −0.57*** | 0.06 | −10.28 | −0.69 | −0.47 | .16 (.19) | −0.58*** | 0.06 | −10.28 | −0.69 | −0.47 | .16 (.19) | |
| Model 2 (“additive”) | .17 .01 (.21) | .17 (.21) | |||||||||||
| W1EMO (b1) | −0.36*** | 0.06 | −6.11 | −0.47 | −0.24 | −0.35*** | 0.06 | −6.13 | −0.47 | −0.24 | |||
| W1SC (b2) | 039*** | 0.04 | 9.93 | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.39*** | 0.04 | 9.93 | 0.31 | 0.47 | |||
| Model 3 (“multiplicative”) | .18 .01 (.22) | .18 (.22) | |||||||||||
| W1EMO (b1) | −0.39** | 0.06 | −6.49 | −0.50 | −0.27 | −0.11 | −0.39*** | 0.06 | −6.50 | −0.50 | −0.27 | ||
| W1SC (b2) | 0.40*** | 0.04 | 9.93 | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.12 | 0.40*** | 0.04 | 9.94 | 0.32 | 0.48 | ||
| W1EMO × W1SC (b3) | −0.13* | 0.06 | −2.18 | −0.25 | −0.01 | −0.03 | −0.13* | 0.06 | −2.13 | −0.01 | −0.25 | ||
ED is comprised of 2 variables (separate analyses): ED–SP school performance, ED–ATT educational attainment. Demographic characteristics at W1 were covariates in these analyses, multiply imputed average across 5 imputations using Rubin's (1987) rule, LL lower limit, UL upper limit
Cohen's f2 (1988) effect size: f2 = .02: small, f2 = .15: medium, f2 = .26: large
*
p ≤ .05
**
p ≤ .01
***
p ≤ .001