Table 1.
Human studies detecting MPER-specific neutralizing responses.
| Year published | Number of participants | Main findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 96 | One individual with 4E10-like neutralizing activity. No epitope competition | (110) |
| 2007 | 3 | No MPER-specific neutralizing activity | (112) |
| 2007 | 14 | 4 individuals with MPER-specific neutralizing activity. 2 of them within the 6 months after seroconversion. No correlation with breadth | (111) |
| 2009 | 156 | 3 individuals high MPER titer, associated with breadth. Distinct epitope from 4E10, 2F5, or z13 | (65) |
| 2009 | 70 | MPER titer correlated with breadth. 4E10-like. Anti-cardiolipin antibodies correlated with breadth and MPER titer | (113) |
| 2009 | 32 | MPER-specific neutralization in 4 individuals | (114) |
| 2010 | 19 | Modest MPER-specific neutralization in 6 individuals | (35) |
| 2011 | 308 | 4 out of 9 breadth neutralizers displayed MPER-specific neutralization (17–30% contribution) | (116) |
| 2011 | 40 | 7 individuals > 40% breadth. MPER cross-neutralizing antibodies | (115) |
| 2012 | 78 | 21 MPER-specific neutralizing activity. 8 out of 21 displayed 10E8 neutralization pattern | (42) |
| 2014 | 35 | 8 individuals showed ID50 > 400 against chimeric HIV-2/MPER viruses whereas 66% had detectable MPER titers in ELISA and flow cytometry | (117) |
| 2015 | 177 | 19% of the cohort showed MPER-specific neutralizing titers (ID50 > 1,000) against chimeric HIV-2/MPER viruses | (118) |
| 2016 | 439 | One individual with potent MPER-specific neutralizing activity | (36) |