Table 1. Patient characteristics.
| Characteristic | High grade | Low grade | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N=20) | (N=54) | ||
| Age (years) | 54.2±12.5 | 57.4±10.9 | 0.293 |
| Male no. (%) | 8 (40.0) | 15 (27.8) | 0.398 |
| Body weight (kg) | 58.9±8.7 | 60.9±9.9 | 0.455 |
| Comorbidities, No. (%) | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 2 (10.0) | 4 (7.4) | 0.659 |
| Hypertension | 5 (75.0) | 9 (16.7) | 0.308 |
| Diabetes | 3 (15) | 4 (7.4) | 0.379 |
| Other cancer | 1 (5.0) | 4 (7.4) | 0.589 |
| Tumor size (cm) | 4.50±1.78 | 4.31±1.73 | 0.450 |
| WHO grade | |||
| I/II | 38/13 | ||
| III/IV | 4/16 | ||
| Serum biomarkers | |||
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.91±1.06 | 1.19±0.78 | 0.011* |
| LDH (mU/mL) | 39.62±31.28 | 37.70±38.81 | 0.401 |
| NGAL (mcg/mL) | 0.544±0.536 | 0.465±0.554 | 0.516 |
| GFAP (ng/L) | 0.145±0.354 | 0.281±0.522 | 0.097 |
| NSE (mcg/mL) | 10.77±14.68 | 16.86±63.63 | 0.339 |
| S100β (pg/mL) | 93.61±131.76 | 84.59±129.06 | 0.353 |
WHO, World Health Organization; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; NSE, neuron-specific enolase.
Continuous variables are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation, whereas categorical variables are expressed as the number and percentage.
*p < 0.05.