Figure 3. ZEA exposure affected the mRNA abundance of genes in the cultured granulosa cells.

Granulosa cells incubated with ZEA for 72 h. Quantitative RT-PCR for TGF-β, BDNF, IER-3, EDN-1, IGF-1 and SFRP-2 transcription factors. The mRNA level of all genes was normalized to the porcine granulosa cells GAPDH gene. The results are presented as mean ± SD. All experiments were repeated at least three times. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01.