Table 1.
Prevalence of significant pathogens, 1998–2016
| 1998–2001 | 2002–05 | 2006–09 | 2010–13 | 2014–16 | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acinetobacter spp | 200 (3·0%) | 126 (1·0%) | 115 (2·0%) | 64 (1·5%) | 40 (1·0%) | 545 (1·9%) |
| Anaerobes | 7 (<0·1%) | 8 (<0·1%) | 7 (<0·1%) | 6 (0·1%) | 2 (0·1%) | 30 (0·1%) |
| Citrobacter spp | 69 (1·0%) | 75 (0·8%) | 20 (0·4%) | 9 (0·2%) | 12 (0·3%) | 185 (0·6%) |
| Escherichia coli | 592 (9·0%) | 661 (7·0%) | 552 (10·0%) | 398 (9·3%) | 357 (9·3%) | 2560 (8·8%) |
| Enterococcus faecalis | 48 (0·7%) | 57 (0·6%) | 61 (1·1%) | 27 (0·6%) | 27 (0·7%) | 220 (0·8%) |
| Edwardsiella spp | 0 | 2 (<0·1%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (<0·1%) |
| Enterobacter | 93 (1·3%) | 173 (2·0%) | 88 (1·6%) | 74 (1·7%) | 89 (2·3%) | 517 (1·8%) |
| Enterococcus spp | 14 (0·2%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 64 (1·5%) | 69 (1·8%) | 151 (0·5%) |
| Escherichia spp | 0 | 3 (<0·1%) | 3 (0·1%) | 0 | 0 | 6 (<0·1%) |
| Flavobacteria spp | 2 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 0 | 0 | 6 (<0·1%) |
| Haemophilus influenzae type b | 112 (1·6%) | 92 (1·0%) | 26 (0·5%) | 30 (0·7%) | 15 (0·4%) | 275 (0·9%) |
| Haemophilus spp | 41 (0·6%) | 53 (0·6%) | 36 (0·7%) | 21 (0·5%) | 8 (0·2%) | 434 (0·5%) |
| Hafnia spp | 3 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 1 (<0·1%) | 0 | 0 | 6 (<0·1%) |
| Klebsiella spp | 449 (7·0%) | 248 (3·0%) | 211 (4·0%) | 190 (4·4%) | 183 (4·8%) | 1281 (4·4%) |
| Kluyvera spp | 2 (<0·1%) | 1 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 0 | 7 (<0·1%) |
| Morganella morganii | 0 | 3 (<0·1%) | 4 (0·1%) | 11 (0·3%) | 1 (<0·1%) | 19 (0·1%) |
| Mycobacterium | 60 (1·0%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60 (0·2%) |
| Neisseria | 78 (1·0%) | 27 (<0·1%) | 42 (1·0%) | 34 (0·8%) | 39 (1·0%) | 220 (0·8%) |
| Other Gram-negative cocci | 15 (<0·1%) | 11 (<0·1%) | 11 (0·2%) | 1 (<0·1%) | 0 | 38 (0·1%) |
| Other Gram-negative rods | 18 (<0·1%) | 45 (1·0%) | 41 (1·0%) | 55 (1·3%) | 7 (0·2%) | 166 (0·6%) |
| Non-typhoidal salmonella | 2685 (38·9%) | 4432 (50·1%) | 2141 (40·2%) | 782 (18·3%) | 433 (11·3%) | 10 473 (35·9%) |
| Streptococcus spp | 115 (1·7%) | 113 (1·3%) | 55 (1·0%) | 46 (1·1%) | 57 (1·5%) | 386 (1·3%) |
| Pantoea spp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 (0·3%) | 9 (0·2%) | 20 (0·1%) |
| Proteus spp | 47 (0·7%) | 9 (0·1%) | 12 (0·2%) | 7 (0·2%) | 18 (0·5%) | 93 (0·3%) |
| Pseudomonas | 98 (1·0%) | 102 (1·0%) | 41 (1·0%) | 126 (2·9%) | 75 (2·0%) | 442 (1·5%) |
| Raoultella spp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (0·1%) | 8 (0·2%) | 11 (<0·1%) |
| Streptococcus agalactiae | 173 (2·5%) | 155 (1·8%) | 40 (0·8%) | 70 (1·3%) | 17 (0·4%) | 455 (1·6%) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 505 (7·0%) | 480 (5·0%) | 258 (5·0%) | 344 (8·0%) | 338 (8·8%) | 1925 (6·6%) |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 1139 (17·0%) | 1476 (17·0%) | 1072 (20·0%) | 448 (10·5%) | 123 (3·2%) | 4258 (14·6%) |
| Group A streptococcus | 117 (1·7%) | 102 (1·2%) | 69 (1·3%) | 59 (1·4%) | 50 (1·3%) | 397 (1·4%) |
| Salmonella Typhi | 67 (1·0%) | 49 (1·0%) | 70 (1·0%) | 1168 (27·3%) | 1643 (43·0%) | 2997 (10·3%) |
| Serratia spp | 92 (1·3%) | 66 (0·7%) | 15 (0·3%) | 21 (0·5%) | 17 (0·4%) | 211 (0·7%) |
| Shigella spp | 1 (<0·1%) | 9 (0·1%) | 18 (0·3%) | 6 (0·1%) | 6 (0·2%) | 40 (0·1%) |
| Vibrio spp | 5 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 3 (0·1%) | 0 | 12 (0·0) |
| Yersinia | 2 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 1 (<0·1%) | 2 (<0·1%) | 0 | 7 (0·0) |
| Candida spp | 4 (<0·1%) | 6 (0·1%) | 4 (0·1%) | 13 (0·3%) | 13 (0·3%) | 40 (0·1%) |
| Cryptococcus spp | 50 (1·0%) | 249 (2·8%) | 300 (5·6%) | 195 (4·6%) | 169 (4·4%) | 963 (3·3%) |
| Total | 6903 | 8843 | 5322 | 4290 | 3825 | 29 183 |
Data are n (%).