Table 2.
Trends in multidrug-resistant bacterial bloodstream infection pathogens in Blantyre, 1998–2016
| Escherichia coli | Klebsiella spp | Enterobacteriaceae | Streptococcus pneumoniae | Enterococcus spp | Streptococcus spp | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | 111/185 (60%) | 66/146 (45%) | 22/30 (73%) | 85/335 (25%) | 18/26 (69·%) | 18/90 (20%) |
| 1999 | 118/150 (79%) | 31/113 (27%) | 12/26 (46%) | 98/313 (31%) | 8/13 (62%) | 15/93 (16%) |
| 2000 | 83/116 (72%) | 38/101 (38%) | 60/90 (67%) | 80/238 (34%) | 3/8 (38%) | 21/143 (15%) |
| 2001 | 96/124 (77%) | 17/73 (23%) | 87/131 (66%) | 41/154 (27%) | 10/15 (67%) | 13/70 (19%) |
| 2002 | 113/147 (77%) | 20/81 (25%) | 64/80 (80%) | 75/231 (33%) | 2/7 (29%) | 8/72 (11%) |
| 2003 | 110/152 (72%) | 24/52 (46%) | 67/108 (62%) | 116/316 (37%) | 2/3 (67%) | 13/74 (18%) |
| 2004 | 92/133 (69%) | 21/46 (46%) | 39/62 (63%) | 83/265 (31%) | 5/7 (71%) | 22/79 (28%) |
| 2005 | 121/181 (67%) | 22/46 (48%) | 24/55 (44%) | 158/494 (32%) | 32/41 (78%) | 28/114 (25%) |
| 2006 | 84/186 (45%) | 18/52 (35%) | 45/76 (59%) | 110/413 (27%) | 6/13 (46%) | 15/70 (21%) |
| 2007 | 81/136 (60%) | 27/57 (47%) | 15/31 (48%) | 105/320 (33%) | 9/14 (64%) | 10/46 (22%) |
| 2008 | 81/116 (70%) | 36/55 (66%) | 10/27 (37%) | 54/160 (34%) | 12/14 (86%) | 6/29 (21%) |
| 2009 | 60/106 (57%) | 29/40 (73%) | 12/22 (55%) | 47/151 (31%) | 12/17 (71%) | 4/16 (25%) |
| 2010 | 64/96 (67%) | 34/45 (76%) | 25/34 (74%) | 34/119 (29%) | 10/13 (77%) | 13/28 (46%) |
| 2011 | 76/109 (70%) | 35/48 (73%) | 10/15 (67%) | 71/177 (40%) | 6/7 (86%) | 28/71 (39%) |
| 2012 | 42/86 (49%) | 32/38 (84%) | 17/27 (63%) | 30/106 (28%) | 15/16 (94%) | 7/41 (17%) |
| 2013 | 74/100 (74%) | 33/55 (60%) | 42/61 (69%) | 12/41 (29%) | 15/17 (88%) | 25/58 (43%) |
| 2014 | 63/105 (60%) | 41/51 (80%) | 40/57 (70%) | 12/31 (39%) | 15/18 (83%) | 16/53 (30%) |
| 2015 | 65/118 (55%) | 39/48 (81%) | 10/33 (30%) | 25/50 (50%) | 29/34 (85%) | 19/46 (40%) |
| 2016 | 92/133 (69%) | 77/84 (92%) | 51/65 (79%) | 9/42 (21%) | 37/48 (77%) | 8/31 (26%) |
| Overall | 1626/2479 (66%) | 640/1231 (52%) | 652/932 (63%) | 1245/3956 (32%) | 246/331 (74%) | 289/1224 (24%) |
| p value | <0·0001* | <0·0001† | 0·747 | 0·148 | <0·0001† | <0·0001† |
†
Increasing trend. Isolates are considered multidrug resistant when resistant to at least three antimicrobial classes.
*
Decreasing trend.