TABLE 3.
Sex-specific associations of dietary patterns with adiposity among 224 Mexican adolescents1
| Associations of each dietary pattern factor score with adiposity indicators |
||||
| BMI z score | Waist circumference, cm | SS + TR, mm | SS:TR | |
| Boys (n = 108) | ||||
| Factor 1: prudent dietary pattern | ||||
| Model 1 | −0.18 (−0.45, 0.08) | −1.32 (−3.43, 0.79) | −1.67 (−4.08, 0.72) | −0.05 (−0.09, 0.00) |
| Model 2 | −0.18 (−0.45, 0.09) | −1.27 (−3.36, 0.81) | −1.65 (−4.05, 0.74) | −0.05 (−0.09, 0.00) |
| Model 3 | −0.17 (−0.44, 0.09) | −1.22 (−3.32, 0.89) | −1.54 (−3.96, 0.88) | −0.04 (−0.09, 0.00) |
| Factor 2: transitioning dietary pattern | ||||
| Model 1 | −0.11 (−0.33, 0.11) | −0.98 (−2.73, 0.76) | −1.13 (−3.11, 0.85) | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) |
| Model 2 | −0.11 (−0.34, 0.11) | −0.76 (−2.50, 0.99) | −1.02 (−3.03, 0.98) | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) |
| Model 3 | −0.11 (−0.34, 0.11) | −0.73 (−2.50, 1.04) | −1.01 (−3.05, 1.02) | 0.00 (−0.04, 0.04) |
| Girls (n = 116) | ||||
| Factor 1: prudent dietary pattern | ||||
| Model 1 | 0.05 (−0.17, 0.27) | 0.52 (−1.35, 2.39) | 0.08 (−1.99, 2.15) | −0.03 (−0.07, 0.01) |
| Model 2 | 0.05 (−0.17, 0.27) | 0.51 (−1.35, 2.38) | 0.07 (−1.99, 2.14) | −0.03 (−0.07, 0.01) |
| Model 3 | 0.04 (−0.18, 0.26) | 0.47 (−1.39, 2.32) | 0.04 (−2.02, 2.10) | −0.03 (−0.07, 0.01) |
| Factor 2: transitioning dietary pattern | ||||
| Model 1 | 0.21 (−0.05, 0.46) | 1.54 (−0.59, 3.66) | 2.29 (−0.05, 4.63) | 0.00 (−0.05, 0.04) |
| Model 2 | 0.21 (−0.05, 0.46) | 1.65 (−0.49, 3.80) | 2.46 (0.10, 4.81)* | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.04) |
| Model 3 | 0.20 (−0.06, 0.45) | 1.55 (−0.59, 3.69) | 2.38 (0.03, 4.74)* | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.04) |
1
Values are βs (95% CIs) for each outcome per 1-unit increase in the dietary pattern factor score. Model 1 adjusted for mother’s marital status, education, and smoking habits during pregnancy and for child’s age; model 2 adjusted as for model 1 and for child’s physical activity (hours per week); model 3 adjusted as for model 2 and for child’s pubertal status (prepubertal vs. pubertal). *P < 0.05. SS, subscapular skinfold thickness; TR, triceps skinfold thickness.