Table 2.
Observed means of outcome measures over time.
Valid N | Baseline | Three months | Six months | Overall p | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mood outcomes | |||||
Depression—CES-D | 50 | 26.84 (24.52–29.16)A | 15.03 (12.69–17.37)B | 12.12 (9.73–14.52)B | <0.001 |
Depression—PHQ-9 | 50 | 11.50 (10.16–12.84)A | 5.94 (4.59–7.28)B | 5.21 (3.83–6.59)B | <0.001 |
State anxiety | 50 | 42.42 (39.39–45.45)A | 35.94 (32.88–39.00)B | 32.93 (29.80–36.06)B | <0.001 |
Trait anxiety | 50 | 49.24 (46.69–51.79)A | 40.49 (37.93–43.05)B | 36.36 (33.75–38.97)C | <0.001 |
Health status | |||||
Mental SF-12 | 50 | 35.30 (32.61–37.99)A | 46.27 (43.56–48.98)B | 49.15 (46.36–51.93)B | <0.001 |
Physical SF-12 | 50 | 45.56 (42.49–48.63)A | 44.94 (41.86–48.03)A | 44.31 (41.19–47.42)A | 0.51 |
Laboratory measures | |||||
25-Hydroxyvitamin D (ng/ml) | |||||
Total 25 (OH) D | 50 | 19.18 (16.77–21.59)A | 34.29 (31.87–36.72)B | 37.60 (35.12–40.08)C | <0.001 |
25 (OH) D2 | 50 | 2.72 (0–7.69)A | 31.29 (28.43–34.16)B | 36.97 (34.03–39.92)C | <0.001 |
25 (OH) D3 | 50 | 18.75 (17.33–20.16)A | 7.33 (5.92–8.75)B | 6.07 (4.61–7.53)B | <0.001 |
25 (OH) D2 D3 | 50 | 20.37 (17.67–23.07)A | 38.02 (35.32–40.72)B | 43.08 (40.31–45.86)C | <0.001 |
Serum calcium (mg/dl) | 50 | 9.31 (9.20–9.43)A | 9.30 (9.19–9.42)A | 9.44 (9.32–9.56)A | 0.043 |
Serum PTH (pg/ml) | 50 | 48.38 (42.63–54.13)A | 47.66 (41.89–53.43)A | 44.94 (39.11–50.76)A | 0.16 |
HbA1c (%) | 50 | 6.87 (6.58–7.15)A | 7.02 (6.74–7.31)AB | 7.14 (6.85–7.43)B | 0.01 |
Note: means are displayed with their 95% confidence interval in parentheses. Post hoc tests were conducted using the Sidak correction to control the type I error rate. Within each row, if two estimates are significantly different (p < 0.05), those values display different superscript letters.