Table 1.
SKINDEX-29+3 scores in DLE patients – multivariable analyses
| Emotions* | Functioning** | Symptoms# | Lupus-specific## | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| β-Coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | β-Coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | β-Coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | β-Coefficient (95% CI) | p-value | |
|
|
||||||||
| CLASI activity | −0.25 (−1.24 to 0.73) | NS | 0.25 (−0.70 to 1.21) | NS | 0.92 (0.17 to 1.67) | 0.02 | 0.73 (−0.34 to 1.80) | NS |
| CLASI damage | 0.53 (−0.41 to 1.47) | NS | 0.19 (−0.75 to 1.12) | NS | −0.06 (−0.79 to 0.68) | NS | −0.46 (−1.49 to 0.57) | NS |
| Gender (female vs. male) | 17.36 (3.74 to 30.98) | 0.01 | 9.90 (−2.90 to 22.71) | NS | 13.99 (3.86 to 24.11) | 0.007 | 23.81 (8.82 to 38.79) | 0.002 |
| Smoking status (current smokers vs. non-smokers) | 18.32 (7.52 to 29.13) | 0.001 | 13.83 (3.48 to 24.19) | 0.009 | 9.99 (1.84 to 18.14) | 0.02 | 7.38 (−4.41 to 19.17) | NS |
| Skin type group | --- | NS | --- | NS | --- | NS | --- | NS |
| I–II vs. V–VI | 2.39 (−14.42 to 19.20) | NS | 4.64 (−11.17 to 20.45) | NS | 1.81 (−10.62 to 14.24) | NS | −0.52 (−18.92 to 17.88) | NS |
| III–IV vs V–VI | −5.19 (−17.56 to 7.19) | NS | −5.71 (−17.36 to 5.93) | NS | −7.07 (−16.28 to 2.14) | NS | −5.84 (−19.46 to 7.77) | NS |
| Annual income | --- | NS | --- | 0.04 | --- | NS | --- | NS |
| <$10K vs. $10–50K | 0.90 (−12.11 to 13.91) | NS | 10.60 (−1.96 to 23.16) | NS | 6.31 (−2.96 to 15.58) | NS | 13.72 (0.25 to 27.19) | 0.046 |
| <$10K vs. >$50K | 11.31 (−5.05 to 27.68) | NS | 20.61 (4.92 to 36.31) | 0.01 | 10.66 (0.41 to 20.92) | 0.04 | 7.33 (−7.69 to 22.35) | NS |
| Marital status (married vs. non-married) | −2.82 (−15.94 to 10.30) | NS | −1.47 (−13.91 to 10.98) | NS | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Generalized vs. localized DLE∧ | --- | --- | 2.86 (−8.99 to 14.71) | NS | 2.84 (−6.44 to 12.11) | NS | --- | --- |
Model included CLASI activity, CLASI damage, gender, smoking status, skin type group, annual income, and marital status.
Model included CLASI activity, CLASI damage, gender, smoking status, skin type group, annual income, marital status, and generalized vs. localized DLE.
Model included CLASI activity, CLASI damage, gender, smoking status, skin type group, annual income, and generalized vs. localized DLE.
Model included CLASI activity, CLASI damage, gender, smoking status, skin type group, and annual income.
Generalized DLE is defined as having discoid lesions below the neck. Localized DLE is defined as having discoid lesions in the head and/or neck only.
Abbreviations: CLASI, Cutaneous lupus disease area and severity index; DLE, discoid lupus erythematosus; NS, not significant