Table 1. Demographic characteristics and baseline laboratory data of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
| Variables | Survivor (n = 50) | Non-survivor (n = 20) | p-value |
| Demographics | |||
| Age, years | 41.1 ± 15.3 | 40.0 ± 15.3 | 0.777 |
| Female, n (%) | 41 (82) | 16 (80) | 1.000 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.5 ± 4.2 | 22.5 ± 3.7 | 0.356 |
| SBP, mmHg | 119 ± 19 | 112 ± 14 | 0.162 |
| DBP, mmHg | 74 ± 14 | 74 ± 17 | 0.977 |
| HB, beats/min | 85 ± 18 | 92 ± 16 | 0.141 |
| FC (II/III/IV), n | 14/33/3 | 0/18/2 | 0.012 |
| 6MWD, m | 331 ± 116 | 296 ± 97 | 0.254 |
| Etiology of PAH | |||
| Idiopathic, n (%) | 10 (20) | 4 (20) | 1.000 |
| CTD, n (%) | 23 (46) | 10 (50) | 0.762 |
| CHD, n (%) | 14 (28) | 4 (20) | 0.489 |
| Others*, n (%) | 3 (6) | 2 (10) | 0.619 |
| Hematological and biochemical data | |||
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.1 ± 3.5 | 13.4 ± 2.2 | 0.415 |
| WBC, 1000/μL | 7.4 ± 2.6 | 8.6 ± 3.1 | 0.136 |
| Platelet, 1000/μL | 188 ± 63 | 167 ± 78 | 0.263 |
| AST, U/L | 31 ± 16 | 29 ± 16 | 0.781 |
| ALT, U/L | 24 ± 12 | 24 ± 19 | 0.857 |
| Bilirubin, mg/dL | 1.0 ± 0.7 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.836 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.84 ± 0.37 | 0.77 ± 0.25 | 0.416 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 93 ± 18 | 115 ± 48 | 0.026 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL | 159 ± 46 | 156 ± 31 | 0.850 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 7.6 ± 2.4 | 7.0 ± 2.9 | 0.527 |
| Troponin-I, ng/mL | 0.08 ± 0.16 | 0.11 ± 0.15 | 0.655 |
| BNP, pg/mL | 271 ± 329 | 220 ± 233 | 0.596 |
| Echocardiographic data | |||
| Pericardial effusion, n (%) | 11 (22) | 12 (60) | 0.004 |
| Tei index | 0.62 ± 0.29 | 0.76 ± 0.46 | 0.148 |
| SPAP, mmHg | 81 ± 21 | 97 ± 33 | 0.014 |
| TAPSE, cm | 1.89 ± 1.14 | 1.72 ± 0.54 | 0.548 |
| Diastolic LVeI | 1.49 ± 0.34 | 1.67 ± 0.44 | 0.076 |
| Systolic LVeI | 1.59 ± 0.55 | 1.86 ± 0.58 | 0.072 |
| RA, cm2 | 22.6 ± 7.4 | 26.7 ± 9.8 | 0.083 |
| PAH-targeted treatment | |||
| PDE5i, n (%) | 38 (76) | 17 (85) | 0.528 |
| ERAs, n (%) | 12 (24) | 6 (30) | 0.604 |
| Prostanoids, n (%) | 7 (14) | 5 (25) | 0.304 |
| Monotherapy, n (%) | 30 (60) | 11 (55) | 0.701 |
| Combination therapy, n (%) | 11 (22) | 7 (35) | 0.261 |
| Two combinations, n (%) | 6 (12) | 4 (20) | 0.456 |
| Three combinations, n (%) | 5 (10) | 3 (15) | 0.680 |
| No PAH-targeted drug, n (%) | 9 (18) | 2 (10) | 0.494 |
* Others included 3 chronic liver disease, 1 HIV infection, and 1 amphetamine-related PAH.
Data are expressed as mean ± SD for continuous variables and as a number with percentage for categorical variables.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CHD, congenital heart disease; CTD, connective tissue disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ERA, endothelin receptor antagonist; FC, WHO functional class; HB, heart beat; LVeI, left ventricular eccentricity index; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; PDE5i, phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor; RA, right atrial area; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SPAP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; WBC, white blood cell; 6MWD, 6-minute walk distance.