Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable analysis of risk factors for carriage of any serotypeable pneumococcus among Aboriginal people in Western Australia, August 2008–November 2014
| Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Any pneumococcal serotype | ||
| Univariable | Multivariable | |
| Male | 1.56 (1.35–1.81) | 0.81 (0.67–0.99) |
| Age increase by 12 months | ||
| 0–11 months | 4.60 (2.83–7.50) | 4.19 (2.39–7.33) |
| 1 to 19 yr | 0.85 (0.84–0.87) | 0.85 (0.84–0.87) |
| 20 + years | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) |
| Annual increase | ||
| Pre-PCV13 | 1.07 (0.98–1.18) | 0.86 (0.75–0.98) |
| Post-PCV13 | 0.88 (0.75–1.05) | 1.37 (1.08–1.74) |
| Respiratory symptoms | 1.48 (1.14–1.94) | 1.01 (0.72–1.43) |
| Nasal discharge | 4.84 (4.01–5.74) | 2.49 (2.00–3.09) |
| Recent antibiotic use | 0.73 (0.55–0.98) | 0.48 (0.33–0.69) |
| Remoteness | ||
| Metropolitan | Ref | Ref |
| Regional | 1.36 (0.97–1.89) | 1.31 (0.88–1.96) |
| Remote | 1.86 (1.47–2.35) | 2.21 (1.67–2.92) |
| ETS | 1.24 (1.06–1.46) | 1.06 (0.87–1.29) |
| ≥5 people sharing (crowding) | 1.35 (1.15–1.58) | 1.36 (1.11–1.67) |
| Sharing with ≥1 child <5 years | 1.15 (0.96–1.37) | 1.07 (0.85–1.34) |
| Season | ||
| Spring | Ref | Ref |
| Summer | 0.91 (0.66–1.27) | 0.95 (0.62–1.45) |
| Autumn | 0.86 (0.70–1.07) | 1.35 (0.91–2.00) |
| Winter | 1.29 (1.08–1.53) | 1.11 (0.73–1.69) |
| H. influenzae | 10.29 (8.60–12.30) | N/A |
| M. catarrhalis | 7.10 (6.01–8.39) | N/A |
| S. aureus | 0.56 (0.44–0.72) | N/A |
Entries in italic considered statistically significant results