Table 6.
Relationship between clinical outcome parameters and relevant variables among type 2 diabetes
| Parameters/Variables | Response, N; Mean ± SD | t-test | p - value | |
| Adherence status | Adherent | Non-adherent | ||
| Mean Fasting Plasma Glucose (mmol/L) | 124; 6.3 ± 1.5 | 76; 9.3 ± 2.3 | −5.419 | 0.000a |
| Glycated haemoglobin (%) | 47; 7.2 ± 1.3 | 41; 7.9 ± 1.8 | − 2.102 | 0.038a |
| Mean SBP (mmHg) | 46; 132.4 ± 16.8 | 30; 140.2 ± 19.5 | − 1.848 | 0.069 |
| Mean DBP (mmHg) | 46; 77.0 ± 8.4 | 30; 82.4 ± 9.5 | − 2.562 | 0.012a |
| Average monthly expenses on medications (US$) | 124; 10.2 ± 6.9 | 76; 17.1 ± 8.9 | − 6.084 | 0.000a |
| Health insurance status | Yes | No | ||
| Mean Fasting Plasma Glucose (mmol/L) | 16; 6.2 ± 1.3 | 184; 6.9 ± 2.0 | − 1.391 | 0.166 |
| Glycated haemoglobin (%) | 10; 7.2 ± 0.8 | 78; 7.6 ± 1.6 | − 0.700 | 0.486 |
| Mean SBP (mmHg) | 3; 113.3 ± 6.5 | 73; 136.4 ± 17.9 | − 2.209 | 0.030a |
| Mean DBP (mmHg) | 3; 68.3 ± 5.8 | 73; 79.6 ± 9.1 | − 2.118 | 0.037a |
| Average monthly expenses on medications (US$) | 16; 9.7 ± 7.4 | 184; 13.1 ± 8.5 | −1.567 | 0.119 |
| Medicine affordability | Yes | No | ||
| Mean Fasting Plasma Glucose (mmol/L) | 100; 6.5 ± 1.8 | 100; 7.2 ± 2.1 | − 2.618 | 0.010a |
| Glycated haemoglobin (%) | 39; 7.3 ± 1.3 | 49; 7.7 ± 1.8 | − 0.979 | 0.330 |
| Mean SBP (mmHg) | 39; 137.8 ± 16.6 | 37; 133.0 ± 19.5 | 1.179 | 0.242 |
| Mean DBP (mmHg) | 39; 79.4 ± 8.7 | 37; 78.8 ± 9.8 | 0.319 | 0.750 |
| Average monthly expenses on medications (US$) | 100; 8.8 ± 6.6 | 100; 16.9 ± 8.3 | −7.598 | 0.000a |
| Access to family support | Yes | No | ||
| Mean Fasting Plasma Glucose (mmol/L) | 174; 6.8 ± 1.9 | 26; 7.4 ± 2.4 | −1.591 | 0.113 |
| Glycated haemoglobin (%) | 77; 7.5 ± 1.6 | 11; 7.5 ± 1.5 | 0.098 | 0.922 |
| Mean SBP (mmHg) | 68; 135.4 ± 18.2 | 8; 135.7 ± 19.4 | −0.037 | 0.970 |
| Mean DBP (mmHg) | 68; 79.2 ± 9.3 | 8; 78.1 ± 8.4 | 0.321 | 0.749 |
| Average monthly expenses on medications (US$) | 174; 12.5 ± 8.2 | 26; 15.1 ± 10.0 | −1.434 | 0.153 |
| Access to financial support | Yes | No | ||
| Mean Fasting Plasma Glucose (mmol/L) | 129; 6.8 ± 1.8 | 71; 7.0 ± 2.2 | −0.763 | 0.435 |
| Glycated haemoglobin (%) | 57; 7.4 ± 1.4 | 31; 7.8 ± 1.9 | −1.308 | 0.194 |
| Mean SBP (mmHg) | 47; 136.4 ± 16.7 | 29; 133.9 ± 20.5 | 0.594 | 0.554 |
| Mean DBP (mmHg) | 47; 79.1 ± 8.7 | 29; 79.1 ± 10.1 | −0.002 | 0.999 |
SBP = Systolic Blood Pressure, DBP = Diastolic Blood Pressure; SD = Standard deviation,
a
Significant difference with independence sample t-test, Level of significance p < 0.05, N = Number, US$ = United States Dollar