Table 1.

Summary statistics of selected variables for grades 6–12 by smoking status.

Variable	Proportion or Mean (SD)		Range	Proportion Missing
	No Cigarette Use	Cigarette Use
Isolation
Avoided Isolate	0.155	0.108***	0 to 1	0.061
Withdrawn Isolate	0.227	0.126***	0 to 1	0.061
External Orientation	0.381	0.421***	0 to 1	0.298
Controls
Observation (In Grade 9–12)	0.755	0.505***	0 to 1	0.00
White	0.869	0.852***	0 to 1	0.025
Male	0.469	0.491***	0 to 1	0.001
Treatment Group	0.483	0.489	0 to 1	0.00
Grade (Centered on 8th Grade)	0.675 (1.931)	1.790***	−2 to 4	0.00
Waves Observed	6.481 (1.624)	5.999 (1.770)***	2 to 8	0.00
Observations	53092	10076

Note:

^*p < 0.05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001, difference in proportion or mean by smoking status.