Table 6. Cox proportional hazards models for mortality.

	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Age ≥65 years	2.874 (1.872–4.412)	<0.001	2.432 (1.384–4.271)	0.002
Female	1.780 (1.260–2.514)	0.001	0.863 (0.539–1.383)	0.541
Hypertension	1.097 (0.763–1.577)	0.617
Diabetes	1.000 (0.691–1.448)	1.000
Hyperlipidemia	0.794 (0.566–1.115)	0.183
Previous stroke	1.271 (0.828–1.950)	0.273
Ischemic heart disease	1.337 (0.906–1.974)	0.144
Congestive heart failure	2.329 (1.550–3.499)	<0.001	1.251 (0.768–2.037)	0.368
Valvular heart disease	1.113 (0.741–1.671)	0.606
Atrial fibrillation	1.506 (1.071–2.118)	0.019	0.794 (0.482–1.308)	0.365
Current smoking	0.406 (0.253–0.654)	<0.001	0.615 (0.304–1.242)	0.175
Heavy alcohol consumption	0.300 (0.152–0.590)	<0.001	0.506 (0.174–1.466)	0.209
Initial NIHSS score	1.094 (1.077–1.112)	<0.001	1.076 (1.053–1.099)	<0.001
Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis	1.952 (1.387–2.746)	<0.001	1.005 (0.595–1.697)	0.984
Stroke subtype (cardioembolism)	1.189 (0.844–1.676)	0.321
Early neurologic deterioration	3.599 (2.529–5.123)	<0.001	3.314 (2.041–5.383)	<0.001

HR, Hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NIHSS, National institutes of Health Stroke Scale