Table 4.
Nutrients | MED score |
HEI score |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1: 11–23 (n = 389) | T2: 24–26 (n = 278) | T3: 27–34 (n = 260) | p value | T1: 17–38 (n = 333) | T2: 39–46 (n = 293) | T3: 47–87 (n = 301) | p value | |
Total energy (kcal/day) | 2,603.63 ± 32.77 | 2,140.81 ± 38.76 | 1,907.10 ± 40.08 | <0.0001 | 2,303.73 ± 38.93 | 2,296.07 ± 41.50 | 2,205.69 ± 40.94 | 0.16 |
CHO (% of energy) | 55.29 ± 0.34 | 57.94 ± 0.41 | 60.73 ± 0.42 | <0.0001 | 57.66 ± 0.39 | 57.42 ± 0.42 | 57.75 ± 0.41 | 0.84 |
Protein (% of energy) | 13.66 ± 0.12 | 13.51 ± 0.14 | 13.79 ± 0.15 | 0.62 | 12.76 ± 0.12 | 13.63 ± 0.13 | 14.73 ± 0.13 | <0.0001 |
Total Fata (% of energy) | 33.26 ± 0.34 | 31.09 ± 0.40 | 28.60 ± 0.42 | <0.0001 | 31.64 ± 0.38 | 31.55 ± 0.41 | 30.68 ± 0.40 | 0.17 |
SFA (% of energy) | 11.15 ± 0.14 | 10.32 ± 0.17 | 9.51 ± 0.17 | <0.0001 | 10.67 ± 0.16 | 10.33 ± 0.17 | 10.30 ± 0.17 | 0.19 |
MUFA (% of energy) | 11.55 ± 0.13 | 10.73 ± 0.16 | 9.87 ± 0.16 | <0.0001 | 10.96 ± 0.15 | 10.99 ± 0.16 | 10.54 ± 0.16 | 0.08 |
PUFA (% of energy) | 6.99 ± 0.11 | 6.55 ± 0.13 | 5.88 ± 0.14 | <0.0001 | 6.67 ± 0.12 | 6.74 ± 0.13 | 6.21 ± 0.13 | 0.009 |
Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 268.64 ± 6.37 | 202.77 ± 7.54 | 183.37 ± 7.79 | <0.0001 | 225.14 ± 7.19 | 226.49 ± 7.67 | 223.31 ± 7.56 | 0.95 |
K+ (mg) | 3,976.51 ± 71.99 | 3,552.79 ± 85.16 | 3,587.84 ± 88.06 | <0.0001 | 3,295.71 ± 76.08 | 3,818.42 ± 81.10 | 4,156.51 ± 80.02 | <0.0001 |
Ca2+ (mg) | 1,363.65 ± 25.14 | 1,161.39 ± 29.74 | 1,130.21 ± 30.75 | <0.0001 | 1,159.33 ± 27.57 | 1,239.88 ± 29.39 | 1,321.73 ± 28.99 | <0.0001 |
Mg2+ (mg) | 407.16 ± 6.83 | 357.14 ± 8.08 | 347.37 ± 8.35 | <0.0001 | 350.59 ± 7.45 | 380.49 ± 7.94 | 397.87 ± 7.84 | <0.0001 |
Fiber (g) | 25.79 ± 0.57 | 25.46 ± 0.67 | 25.85 ± 0.69 | 0.9 | 22.91 ± 0.60 | 26.11 ± 0.64 | 28.40 ± 0.63 | <0.0001 |
HEI, healthy eating index; MED, Mediterranean diet; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; CHO, carbohydrates; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids; K+, potassium; Ca2+, calcium; Mg2+, magnesium. *Significant difference (p<0.05) using one way ANOVA.