Table 3.
Adjusted Odds Ratiosa for SSb B Counseling Topics With Physicians' Personal and Medical Practice Characteristics.c,d,e
| Reported Counseling on Nutritional Content | Reported Counseling on Adverse Health Events | Reported Counseling on Behavior Change | Reported Referral for Counseling | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
| Calorie Content, aOR (95% Cl)f | Added Sugars Content, aOR (95% CI) | Obesity and Weight Gain, aOR (95% CI) | Health Effects (eg, Diabetes), aOR (95% CI) | Consumption Frequency, aOR (95% CI) | Water Substitution, aOR (95% CI) | Dietician or Nutrition Services, aOR (95% CI) | |
| Physician personal characteristics | |||||||
| Age | |||||||
| <45 years | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| ≥45 years | 1.10 (0.87-1.39) | 1.22 (0.97-1.54) | 1.14 (0.85-1.52) | 1.12 (0.88-1.43) | 1.07 (0.85-1.36) | 0.97 (0.75-1.26) | 1.04 (0.82-1.32) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 1.09 (0.85-1.39) | 0.82 (0.64-1.04) | 0.94 (0.69-1.27) | 1.00 (0.78-1.29) | 0.98 (0.77-1.26) | 0.95 (0.72-1.25) | 0.94 (0.73-1.20) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 1.07 (0.54-2.13) | 0.42 (0.21-0.85) | 0.92 (0.41-2.10) | 1.33 (0.64-2.78) | 1.12 (0.55-2.27) | 0.65 (0.32-1.32) | 1.84 (0.95-3.58) |
| Hispanic | 1.45 (0.83-2.53) | 0.78 (0.47-1.29) | 1.05 (0.54-2.03) | 0.87 (0.51-1.47) | 0.93 (0.55-1.57) | 1.19 (0.65-2.17) | 0.84 (0.48-1.46) |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 0.90 (0.69-1.17) | 0.70 (0.54-0.90) | 0.92 (0.67-1.27) | 1.19 (0.90-1.57) | 1.00 (0.76-1.30) | 0.72 (0.55-0.96) | 1.21 (0.92-1.57) |
| Other/multiracial, non-Hispanic | 0.92 (0.60-1.42) | 0.59 (0.38-0.91) | 1.01 (0.60-1.71) | 1.09 (0.70-1.71) | 0.96 (0.62-1.49) | 0.74 (0.47-1.16) | 1.13 (0.73-1.75) |
| Weight statusg | |||||||
| Underweight/normal weight | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Overweight | 1.02 (0.79-1.33) | 1.10 (0.85-1.43) | 0.87 (0.63-1.20) | 1.16 (0.88-1.53) | 0.94 (0.72-1.23) | 1.10 (0.82-1.47) | 0.94 (0.72-1.22) |
| Obese | 1.10 (0.74-1.64) | 0.77 (0.52-1.13) | 1.06 (0.64-1.77) | 0.83 (0.55-1.24) | 1.35 (0.89-2.05) | 1.08 (0.69-1.70) | 0.78 (0.52-1.17) |
| Missing | 0.79 (0.58-1.08) | 0.85 (0.62-1.16) | 0.91 (0.62-1.33) | 0.90 (0.66-1.24) | 1.08 (0.79-1.49) | 0.78 (0.56-1.08) | 1.02 (0.75-1.40) |
| SSBb intake | |||||||
| None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| >0 and < 1 time/day | 0.93 (0.73-1.18) | 0.95 (0.75-1.21) | 0.90 (0.67-1.22) | 0.99 (0.77-1.27) | 1.20 (0.94-1.53) | 0.71 (0.54-0.93) | 1.03 (0.81-1.31) |
| ≥ 1 time/day | 0.68 (0.50-0.92) | 0.63 (0.46-0.86) | 0.67 (0.46-0.97) | 0.64 (0.46-0.87) | 0.96 (0.70-1.32) | 0.58 (0.42-0.81) | 1.12 (0.82-1.54) |
| Medical practice characteristics | |||||||
| Specialty | |||||||
| Pediatrics | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Family practice | 1.04 (0.75-1.44) | 0.60 (0.43-0.84) | 0.80 (0.52-1.24) | 1.01 (0.72-1.44) | 0.63 (0.44-0.89) | 0.36 (0.23-0.55) | 0.86 (0.62-1.21) |
| Internal medicine | 0.90 (0.64-1.26) | 0.41 (0.29-0.57) | 0.66 (0.42-1.02) | 0.64 (0.45-0.91) | 0.39 (0.27-0.56) | 0.35 (0.22-0.54) | 1.20 (0.86-1.68) |
| OB/GYN | 0.60 (0.41-0.87) | 0.38 (0.26-0.55) | 0.54 (0.34-0.87) | 0.55 (0.37-0.81) | 0.41 (0.28-0.61) | 0.26 (0.17-0.42) | 1.52 (1.05-2.20) |
| Practice type | |||||||
| Inpatient | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Individual outpatient | 1.46 (0.93-2.31) | 1.71 (1.08-2.71) | 1.30 (0.75-2.26) | 1.18 (0.73-1.91) | 1.72 (1.09-2.72) | 2.01 (1.24-3.26) | 0.90 (0.57-1.42) |
| Group outpatient | 1.12 (0.76-1.65) | 1.38 (0.93-2.06) | 1.14 (0.71-1.81) | 0.79 (0.53-1.19) | 1.60 (1.09-2.36) | 1.84 (1.22-2.76) | 1.01 (0.69-1.50) |
| Teaching hospital | |||||||
| Yes | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| No | 1.07 (0.86-1.34) | 1.10 (0.88-1.37) | 0.98 (0.74-1.29) | 1.04 (0.82-1.31) | 0.92 (0.73-1.16) | 0.99 (0.78-1.27) | 0.80 (0.64-1.00) |
| Patient socioeconomic statush | |||||||
| Low income | 1.13 (0.83-1.53) | 1.1 1 (0.82-1.50) | 1.19 (0.81-1.74) | 1.16 (0.84-1.60) | 0.91 (0.67-1.23) | 1.56 (1.10-2.21) | 1.38 (1.02-1.87) |
| Medium income | 1.15 (0.91-1.46) | 1.12 (0.89-1.41) | 1.07 (0.80-1.43) | 1.01 (0.79-1.28) | 1.21 (0.95-1.54) | 1.32 (1.02-1.71) | 1.03 (0.81-1.32) |
| High income | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Abbreviation: OB/GYN, obstetrician/gynecologists.
AII physician personal and medical practice characteristics were included in 1 model for each SSB counseling topic.
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) include soda, fruit drinks, sports or energy drinks, and other sugar-sweetened drinks but do not include 100% fruit juice, diet drinks, or artificially sweetened drinks.
DocStyles, 2014.
N = 1510.
Boldface indicates statistical significance as 95% confidence interval does not include 1.
Adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Based on body mass index (BMI), underweight/normal weight indicates a BMI < 25 kg/m2, overweight indicates a BMI ≥25 to <30 kg/m2, and obese indicates a BMI ≥30 kg/m2.
Physician-reported patient socioeconomic status of the majority of a physician's patient panel.