Table 3.
Intra- and post-operative complications and outcomes
| Outcomes | Impacted stones (n = 2650) |
Non-impacted stones (n = 5893) |
Difference p value | Type of test |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intra-operative complications n (%) | ||||
| Overall | 209 (7.9) | 177 (3.0) | <0.001 | A |
| Bleeding | 65 (2.5) | 37 (0.6) | <0.001 | A |
| Perforation | 59 (2.2) | 31 (0.5) | <0.001 | A |
| Failed procedure | 55 (2.1) | 83 (1.4) | 0.023 | A |
| Conversion | 7 (0.3) | 5 (0.08) | 0.057 | B |
| Avulsion | 9 (0.3) | 1 (0.02) | <0.001 | B |
| Other | 14 (0.5) (n = 2643) |
20 (0.3) (n = 5887) |
0.20 | A |
| Intra-operative migration n (%) | 380 (14.4) (n = 2643) |
463 (7.9) (n = 5887) |
<0.001 | A |
| Post-operative complications n (%) | ||||
| Overall | 75 (2.8) | 106 (1.8) | 0.002 | A |
| Bleeding | 15 (0.6) | 15 (0.3) | 0.53 | A |
| Fever (>38.0) | 23 (0.9) | 33 (0.6) | 0.10 | A |
| UTI | 20 (0.8) | 24 (0.4) | 0.038 | A |
| Sepsis | 7 (0.3) | 10 (0.2) | 1.0 | B |
| Other | 10 (0.4) (n = 2650) |
24 (0.4) (n = 5893) |
0.84 | A |
| Clavien grading score n (%) | ||||
| I | 31 (40.3) | 41 (38.3) | 0.68 | A |
| II | 33 (42.9) | 48 (44.9) | ||
| IIIa-b | 10 (13.0) | 13 (12.1) | ||
| IVa-b | 3 (3.8) | 3 (2.8) | ||
| V | 0 (0) (n = 2573) |
2 (1.9) (n = 5786) |
||
| Post-operative hospital stay longer than 24 h n (%) | 1211 (45.8) (n = 2643) |
1757 (29.9) (n = 5873) |
<0.001 | A |
| Re-treatment n (%) | 307 (11.6) (n = 2647) |
491 (8.1) (n = 5886) |
<0.001 | A |
| Re-admission <3 months n (%) | 241 (9.6) (n = 2518) |
346 (6.2) (n = 5615) |
<0.001 | A |
UTI urinary tract infection, NS not significant. Data are n (%) of patients for whom data were available. Percentages exclude missing values from denominators. Statistical test: A Pearson’s Chi-square test, B Fishers exact test, C Student’s t test, D Mann–Whitney U test