| 8-oxo-G/8-oxo-dG |
mouse |
∼2.5–4/106 nucleosides in liver; |
24,25
|
|
|
∼3–4/106 nucleosides in kidney; |
|
|
|
∼3/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse |
∼1–3/106 nucleosides in liver |
27,28
|
|
mouse |
∼ 1.5/106 nucleosides in brain; |
23,26
|
|
|
∼3–4/106 nucleosides in liver; |
|
|
|
∼1–2/106 nucleosides in spleen |
|
| 8-oxD-A/8-oxo-dA |
mouse |
∼0.3–0.5/106 nucleosides in brain; |
23,26
|
|
|
∼0.2–0.4/106 nucleosides in liver; |
|
|
|
∼0.4–0.7/106 nucleosides in spleen |
|
| Fapy-G/Fapy-dG |
mouse |
∼0.6–1.2/106 nucleosides in liver; |
24,25
|
|
|
∼1–2/106 nucleosides in kidney; |
|
|
|
∼0.7–1.4/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse |
∼6–14/106 nucleosides in liver |
28 |
| Fapy-A/Fapy-dA |
mouse |
∼0.2–0.7/106 nucleosides in liver; |
24,25
|
|
|
∼0.2–1.2/106 nucleosides in kidney; |
|
|
|
∼0.2–0.6/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse |
∼1–3/106 nucleosides in liver |
27,28
|
| dGh |
mouse |
1.08–3.14/108 nucleosides in colon; |
131 |
|
|
3.09–7.99/108 nucleosides in liver |
|
| dSp |
E. coli |
∼200–600/106 dG |
197 |
|
mouse |
0.99–4.94/108 nucleosides in colon; |
131 |
|
|
2.74–20.8/108 nucleosides in liver |
|
| thymine glycol/thymidine glycol |
human urine |
3.1 pmol/μmol of creatinine |
293 |
|
rat urine |
4.8–8.9 nmol/kg per day |
293 |
|
mouse urine |
8.62 nmol/kg per day |
294 |
|
monkey urine |
2.07 nmol/kg per day |
294 |
|
human white blood cells |
2.16 fmol/μg DNA (control); 2.83 fmol/μg DNA (ovarian cancer patients) |
301 |
| 5-hmU/5-hmdU |
HeLa cells |
3.0/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
WM-266–4 |
3.4/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
human brain |
3.9/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse brain |
8.3/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse skin (red head) |
6.4/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse skin (albino) |
6.0/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
LEA rat |
2.6/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
20.5/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
3.2–8.6/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
12–28.3/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
human brain |
∼2–3/106 nucleosides (control); |
332 |
|
|
∼3–6/106 nucleosides (XPA-deficient) |
|
|
mouse (control and Ercc1−/c)
|
for control, ∼6/106 nucleosides in liver, ∼1–2/106 nucleosides in kidney and ∼10/106 nucleosides in brain; |
332 |
|
|
For Ercc1−/c, -4-20/106 nucleosides in liver, ∼1–4/106 nucleosides in kidney and ∼5–10/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
| 5-fU/5-fdU |
Hela-S3 cells (exposed with edrays) |
formation rate: 0.022 lesion/106 nucleosides/Gy |
308 |
|
LEA rat |
7/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
18.8/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
7.8–31.4/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
19.7–36.3/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
human brain |
∼7–55/106 nucleosides (control); |
332 |
|
|
−10–45/106 nucleosides (XPA-deficient) |
|
|
mouse (control and Erccl−/c) |
for control, ∼10–25/106 nucleosides in liver, ∼5–20/106 nucleosides in kidney and ∼9–10/106 nucleosides in brain; |
332 |
|
|
for Erccl−/c, ∼10–95/106 nucleosides in liver, ∼10–35/106 nucleosides in kidney and ∼10–12/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
| 5-hmC/5-hmdC |
mouse ES cells |
1300/106 C |
57 |
|
LEA rat |
339/106 nucleosides in liver; |
88 |
|
|
619/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
176/106 nucleosides in liver; |
88 |
|
|
654/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
human lung |
0.078–0.182% dG in normal lung; |
322 |
|
|
0.033–0.096% dG in Stage-I lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) |
|
|
human brain |
0.817–1.175% dG in normal brain; |
322 |
|
|
0.028-0.753% dG in stage II/III astrocytomas |
|
|
HeLa cells |
31.2/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
WM-266–4 |
12.2/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse ES cells |
163/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
human brain |
1550/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse brain |
560/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse skin (red head) |
277/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse skin (albino) |
217/106 nucleosides |
306 |
| 5-fC/5-fdC |
mouse ES cells |
20/106 dC |
57 |
|
HeLa cells |
0.67/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
WM-266–4 |
0.69/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse ES cells |
3.5/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
human brain |
1.7/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse brain |
1.4/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse skin (red head) |
1.2/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse skin (albino) |
0.7/106 nucleosides |
306 |
| 5-caC/5-cadC |
mouse ES cells |
3/106 dC |
57 |
|
HeLa cells |
0.27/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
WM-266–4 |
0.29/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse ES cells |
0.83/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
human brain |
0.15/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse brain |
0.12/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse skin (red head) |
0.21/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
mouse skin (albino) |
0.19/106 nucleosides |
306 |
|
S-cdA |
mouse |
∼0.1–0.2/106 nucleosides in brain; |
23 |
|
|
∼0.2–0.35/106 nucleosides in liver; |
26 |
|
|
∼0.15–0.2/106 nucleosides in spleen |
|
|
LEA rat |
0.11/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
0.088/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
0.14–0.56/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
0.08–0.26/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse (control and Csb−/−) |
for control, ∼0.05/106 nucleosides in brain, ∼0.02/106 nucleosides in kidney and ∼0.04/106 nucleosides in liver; |
87 |
|
|
for Csb−/−, ∼0.09/106 nucleosides in brain, ∼0.06/106 nucleosides in kidney and ∼0.08/106 nucleosides in liver |
|
|
LEA rat |
1.2/106 nucleosides in liver; |
88 |
|
|
1.54/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
2.68/106 nucleosides in liver; |
88 |
|
|
1.41/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse (control and Erccl−/c) |
for control, 0.21–0.42/106 nucleosides in liver, 0.26–1.25/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.12–0.22/106 nucleosides in brain; |
86 |
|
|
for Erccl−/c, 0.96–4.09/106 nucleosides in livers, 0.19–1.81/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.1–0.21/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse (albino and red head) |
∼0.15/106 nucleosides (albino); ∼0.35/106 nucleosides (red head); |
89 |
|
R-cdA |
mouse |
∼0.025–0.035/106 nucleosides in brain; |
23 |
|
|
∼0.02–0.05/106 nucleosides in liver; |
26 |
|
|
∼0.04-0.05/106 nucleosides in spleen |
|
|
LEA rat |
0.1/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
0.15/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
0.18–0.48/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
0.13–0.56/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse (control and Ercc1−/c) |
for control, 0.17–0.95/106 nucleosides in liver, 0.2–0.65/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.08–0.16/106 nucleosides in brain; |
86 |
|
|
for Ercd−/c, 2.54–8.37/106 nucleosides in liver, 0.27–0.72/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.09–0.17/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse skin (albino and red head) |
∼0.15/106 nucleosides (albino); ∼0.3/106 nucleosides (red head); |
89 |
|
S-cdG |
mouse |
∼2–3.5106 nucleosides in brains |
23 |
|
|
∼1–1.5/106 nucleosides in liver; |
26 |
|
|
∼2.5–3.5/106 nucleosides in spleen |
|
|
LEA rat |
0.19/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
0.16/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
0.20–1.08/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
0.14–0.43/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEA rat |
2.02/106 nucleosides in liver; |
88 |
|
|
2.31/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
4.45/106 nucleosides in liver; |
88 |
|
|
2.21/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse (control and Ercc−/c) |
for control, 0.32–1.05/106 nucleosides in liver, 0.91–2.86/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.37–0.53/106 nucleosides in brain; |
86 |
|
|
for Ercd−/c, 2.03–5.64/106 nucleosides in liver, 0.53–2.81/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.25–0.66/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse skin (albino and red head) |
∼0.35/106 nucleosides (albino); ∼0.75/106 nucleosides (red head); |
89 |
|
R-cdG |
mouse |
∼0.5–0.8/106 nucleosides in brain; |
23 |
|
|
∼0.5–0.55/106 nucleosides in liver; |
26 |
|
|
∼0.5–0.6/106 nucleosides in spleen |
|
|
LEA rat |
0.13/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
0.14/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
0.16–0.54/106 nucleosides in liver; |
85 |
|
|
0.13–0.52/106nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse (control and Erccl−/c) |
for control, 0.14–1.01/106 nucleosides in liver, 0.35–0.73/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.11–0.17/106 nucleosides in brain; |
86 |
|
|
for Ercrt−/c, 2.43-7.31/106 nucleosides in liver, 0.28–0.73/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.11–0.21/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse skin (albino and red head) |
∼0.15/106 nucleosides (albino); ∼0.3/106 nucleosides (red head); |
89 |
| d(G[8-5]C) |
Hela-S3 cells (with y irradiation) |
formation rate: ∼0.037 lesions/109 nucleosides per Gy |
106 |
| d(G[8-5m]T) |
Hela-S3 cells (with y irradiation) |
formation rate: 0.05 lesion/109 nucleosides/Gy |
107 |
|
LEA rat |
∼0.005/106 nucleosides in liver; |
332 |
|
|
∼0.02/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
LEC rat |
∼0.01–0.04/106 nucleosides in liver; |
332 |
|
|
∼0.01–0.08/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
|
mouse liver (control and XPA-deficient) |
∼0.005/106 nucleosides (control); |
332 |
|
|
∼0.01/106 nucleosides (XPA-deficient) |
|
|
human brain (control and XPA-deficient) |
∼0.005–0.04/106 nucleosides (control); |
332 |
|
|
∼0.015–0.07/106 nucleosides (XPA-deficient) |
|
|
mouse (control and Erccl−/c) |
for control, ∼0.007∼0.01/106 nucleosides in liver, ∼0.015–0.02/106 nucleosides in kidney and ∼0.001–0.005/106 nucleosides in brain; |
332 |
|
|
for Erccl−/c, ∼0.008–0.035/106 nucleosides in liver, ∼0.01–0.045/106 nucleosides in kidney and 0.001–0.007/106 nucleosides in brain |
|
| d(G[8-N3]T) |
HeLa cells (with 266 nm laser pulse irradiation) |
0.21–1.19/106 nucleosides |
111 |
| 5–Cl-C/5-Cl-dC |
mouse |
3.86–7.06/108 nt in colon; |
131 |
|
|
4.33–16.61/108 nt in liver |
|
|
human leukocyte |
0.06–0.4/106 nucleosides |
127 |
|
human endothelial cell (treated with 300 μM HOC1) |
40/106 dC |
343 |
|
human colon (from patients with inflammatory bowel disease) |
0.002–0.294/106 nucleobases |
132 |
|
mouse colon (H. hepaticus-infected) |
0.031–0.129/106 nucleobases |
132 |
| 5–Br-C/5-Br-dC |
human eosinophils |
−60–225/106 cells |
117 |
| 5–C1-U/5-CU1U |
rat |
20–80 pg/pouch |
341 |
|
human atherosclerotic tissue |
∼0.1 pmol/g tissue (normal); ∼0.7 pmol/g tissue (atherosclerotic) |
342 |
| 5–Br-U/5-Br-dU |
human atherosclerotic tissue |
∼0.08 pmol/g tissue (normal); ∼0.18 pmol/g tissue (atherosclerotic) |
342 |
| M1G/M1dG |
human |
0.5–1.2/106 nucleosides in liver; |
13 |
|
|
0.05–2.8/106 nucleosides in white cells; |
|
|
|
0.001–0.5/106 nucleosides in pancreas; 0.002–0.56/106 nucleosides in breast |
|
|
human leukocyte |
64.9 fmol/mg DNA in smokers; |
171 |
|
|
56.5 fmol/mg DNA in nonsmokers |
|
|
rat liver |
0.52/106 nucleosides |
172 |
|
human colorectal mucosa |
0.43/106 nucleosides for men; 4.6/106 nucleosides for women |
174 |
|
εA/εdA |
human asymptomatic colon epithelia |
∼0.025–0.065/106 nucleosides |
154 |
|
rats exposed to 600 ppm vinyl chloride (4 h/day for 5 day) |
0.21/106 nucleosides in liver; |
155 |
|
|
0.65/106 nucleosides in lung; |
|
|
|
0.04/106 nucleosides in kidney |
|
|
human placenta |
2.3–2.5/106 nucleosides |
161 |
|
human |
0.282/106 nucleosides in placenta |
163 |
|
|
0.162/106 nucleosides in leukocyte; |
|
|
human saliva |
0.22–2.1/106 nucleosides |
165 |
|
LEC rat liver |
∼0.002–0.1/106 nucleosides |
170 |
|
LEA rat |
0.23/106 nucleosides in liver; 0.39/106 nucleosides in brain |
88 |
|
LEC rat |
0.3/106 nucleosides in liver; 0.44/106 nucleosides in brain |
88 |
| 1, N2-εG/l, N2-εdG |
human IMR-90 cells |
∼0.02/106 nucleosides |
152 |
|
human urine |
95 pg/mL for smokers; |
|
|
|
50–68 pg/mL for nonsmokers |
|
|
human |
0.085/106 nucleosides in placenta |
163 |
|
|
0.086/106 nucleosides in leukocyte; |
|
|
human saliva |
0.68–7.52/106 nucleosides |
165 |
|
Wistar rat |
2.47/108 dG in livers; |
168 |
|
|
0.87/108 dG in lungs; |
|
|
|
2.96/108 dG in brains |
|
|
LEA rat |
0.11/106 nucleosides in livers; 0.15/106 nucleosides in brains |
88 |
|
LEC rat |
0.16/106 nucleosides in livers; 0.13/106 nucleosides in brains |
88 |
|
εC/εdC |
human asymptomatic colon epithelia |
∼0.015–0.035/106 nucleosides |
154 |
|
rats exposed to 600 ppm vinyl chloride (4 h/day for 5 days) |
0.98/106 nucleosides in liver; |
155 |
|
|
0.3/106 nucleosides in lung; |
|
|
|
0.29/106 nucleosides in kidney |
|
|
human |
0.441/106 nucleosides in placenta |
163 |
|
|
0.111/106 nucleosides in leukocyte; |
|
|
human urine |
104–105 pg/mL |
164 |
|
human saliva |
0 –1.39/106 nucleosides |
165 |
|
human urine |
0.45 nM for smokers; |
166 |
|
|
0.16 nM for nonsmokers |
|
|
LEC rat liver |
∼0.035–0.25/106 nucleosides |
170 |
|
N2,3-εG/N2,3-εdG |
rats exposed to 600 ppm vinyl chloride (4 h/day for 5 days) |
1.81/106 nucleosides in liver: |
155 |
|
|
0.21/106 nucleosides in lung; |
|
|
|
0.31/106 nucleosides in kidney |
|
| Acr-dG |
human |
0.78/106 nucleosides in leukocyte; |
159 |
|
|
1.08/106 nucleosides in placenta |
|
|
human saliva |
0.13/106 nucleosides |
165 |
|
human brain |
5.15/106 nucleosides (with Alzheimer's disease); |
336 |
|
|
2.8/106 nucleosides (control) |
|
| Cro-dG |
human IMR-90 cells |
∼0.05/106 nucleosides |
152 |
|
human |
0.06/106 nucleosides in leukocyte; |
159 |
|
|
0.26/106 nucleosides in placenta |
|
|
human saliva |
0–0.485/106 nucleosides |
165 |
|
human |
14.57/109 dG in livers; 19.99/109 dG in lung |
167 |
|
Wistar rat |
4.61/108 dG in liver; |
168 |
|
|
2.25/108 dG in lung; |
|
|
|
5.66/108 dG in brain |
|
