Table 1.
Characteristics of the overall study population and stratified by the presence or the absence of pressure injury
| All (n=165) | Non-PI (n=138) | PI (n=27) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 67.5±11.5 (60–75.5) | 65.8±11.405 (59–73) | 76.5±7.4 (69–82) | <0.0001 |
| Gender, male, % (n), 95% CI* | 73.9% (122), 66.8–80 | 73.9% (102), 66–80.5 | 74.1% (20), 55.3–86.8 | 0.99 |
| SBP, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 126.7±20.9 (110–140) | 128.2±20.3 (110–140) | 118.7±22.2 (100–140) | 0.046 |
| LVEF, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 39.9±8.7 (34–45) | 41.3±8.5 (35.8–46) | 32.7±5.7 (30–37) | <0.0001 |
| BMI, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 28.1±5.5 (24.7–30.2) | 28.3±5.4 (24.9–31.1) | 27.1±6.1 (24.6–28.3) | 0.33 |
| Diabetes, % (n), 95% CI* | 32.7% (54), 26–40.2 | 67.7% (88), 55.5–71.3 | 40.7% (11), 24.5–59 | 0.37 |
| Hypertension, % (n), 95% CI | 61.8% (102), 54.2–68.9 | 61.6% (85), 53.3–69.3 | 63.0% (17), 18.6–52.2 | 0.9 |
| Dyslipidemia, % (n), 95% CI* | 43.0% (71), 35.7–50.7 | 44.9% (62), 36.9–53.3 | 33.3% (9), 18.6–52.2 | 0.3 |
| COPD, % (n), 95% CI* | 17.6% (29), 12.5–24.1 | 15.2% (21), 10.1–22.2 | 29.6% (8), 15.9–48.5 | 0.095 |
| GFR, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 76.5±28.9 (55–97) | 78.5±27.5 (57.8–98) | 65.9±34.7 (39–89) | 0.084 |
| STEMI, % (n), 95% CI* | 63.0% (104), 55.5–70 | 62.3% (86), 54–70 | 66.7% (18), 47.8–81.4 | 0.83 |
| Troponin I, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 18.1±32.6 (0.8–15.5) | 16.5±31.7 (0.6–13.1) | 26.3±36.7 (2.2–54.0) | 0.04 |
| CKMB, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 72.6±94.3 (8.0–89.1) | 69.5±91.2 (08.0–89.2) | 88.6±109.5 (19.1–84.0) | 0.27 |
| Hemoglobin, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 13.2±2.1 (12–14.6) | 13.3±2.2 (12.1–14.7) | 12.7±2.1 (11.4–14.4) | 0.23 |
| Glycemia, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 135.97±53.2 (99–154) | 135.09±52.9 (99–147) | 140.44±55.6 (99.5–165.5) | 0.65 |
| Albumin, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 3.8±0.5 (3.6–4) | 3.8±0.4 (3.6–4.1) | 3.4±0.5 (3–3.9) | <0.001 |
| Norton Scale, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 17.6±2.9 (16–20) | 18.3±2.1 (17–20) | 13.8±3.5 (12–16) | <0.0001 |
| MNA, mean ± SD (IQR)* | 11.2±1.8 (10.3–11.7) | 11.6±1.5 (10.7–12.1) | 9.4±2.0 (8.4–11.2) | <0.0001 |
Notes: Categorical variables are expressed as rates ±95% CI and continuous variables as mean ± SD and IQR (25°–75° percentile). Asterisks mark factors included in the logistic analysis. P-values at univariate comparisons (Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test or chi square as required) are reported.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CKMB, creatine kinase myocardial band; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; IQR, interquartile range; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MNA, Mini Nutritional Assessment; PI, pressure injury; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; STEMI, ST-elevated myocardial infarction.