Fig. 2.

(A) Cumulative response, F(θ), of the normalised residence time, θ, of the microfluidic cell culture device (MFCD). The tracer concentration was 0.2 gL⁻¹ delivered at a flow rate of 5 μL min⁻¹. LFR − laminar flow reactor. (B) Residence time of fluorescein injected into a microfluidic cell culture device via an automated two-way valve at 5 μL min⁻¹. After 13 min, maximal concentration (89.5%) was reached and flow was switched off. After 120 min flow resumed flushing the device. Images were taken every minute for injection/flushing and every 30 min during the static period. Values are the mean of three independent experiments, error bars display standard deviation.