Table 2.
Hematology, coagulation, and clinical chemistry parameters in male rats following dietary treatment with kokum fat or algal structuring fat.
| Parameter | Group 1b 0 ppm (n = 19) | Group 2 25,000 ppm KF (n = 10) | Group 3 50,000 ppm KF (n = 10) | Group 4 100,000 ppm KF (n = 10) | Group 5 25,000 ppm AF (n = 10) | Group 650,000 ppm AF (n = 10) | Group 7 100,000 ppm AF (n = 10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematology—week 12 | |||||||
| RBC (106/μl) | 8.63 ± 0.29 | 8.61 ± 0.35 | 8.53 ± 0.33 | 8.65 ± 0.23 | 8.55 ± 0.35 | 8.67 ± 0.36 | 8.69 ± 0.32 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 15.5 ± 0.5 | 15.3 ± 0.4 | 15.4 ± 0.4 | 15.4 ± 0.5 | 15.6 ± 0.5 | 15.3 ± 0.5 | 15.7 ± 0.5 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 45.6 ± 1.4 | 45.3 ± 1.1 | 45.7 ± 1.3 | 45.9 ± 1.4 | 45.7 ± 1.8 | 45.4 ± 1.2 | 46.4 ± 1.8 |
| MCV (fl) | 52.8 ± 1.2 | 52.8 ± 2.1 | 53.6 ± 2.5 | 53.0 ± 1.7 | 53.5 ± 1.3 | 52.3 ± 1.2 | 53.4 ± 0.7 |
| MCH (pg) | 17.9 ± 0.5 | 17.9 ± 0.8 | 18.1 ± 0.8 | 17.9 ± 0.6 | 18.2 ± 0.6 | 17.6 ± 0.5 | 18.1 ± 0.2 |
| MCHC (g/dl) | 34.0 ± 0.5 | 33.8 ± 0.4 | 33.7 ± 0.6 | 33.7 ± 0.5 | 34.0 ± 0.6 | 33.7 ± 0.5 | 33.8 ± 0.4 |
| RDW (%) | 12.7 ± 0.5 | 12.6 ± 0.7 | 12.3 ± 0.4 | 12.2 ± 0.5 | 12.4 ± 0.5 | 12.5 ± 0.4 | 12.3 ± 0.3 |
| Platelet count (103/μl) | 991 ± 111 | 999 ± 131 | 951 ± 182 | 1086 ± 65 | 1020 ± 86 | 1080 ± 119 | 1077 ± 96 |
| WBC (103/μl) | 12.14 ± 2.47 | 11.55 ± 1.60 | 11.36 ± 2.72 | 11.93 ± 1.40 | 10.96 ± 2.17 | 12.21 ± 2.43 | 11.74 ± 1.92 |
| ARET (103/μl) | 184.3 ± 27.1 | 166.6 ± 15.7 | 167.8 ± 27.9 | 163.9 ± 33.4 | 170.6 ± 12.5 | 167.1 ± 29.1 | 161.3 ± 19.7 |
| ANEU (103/μl) | 2.72 ± 1.38 | 2.19 ± 0.73 | 2.21 ± 0.62 | 2.06 ± 0.62 | 2.13 ± 0.74 | 2.53 ± 0.96 | 2.07 ± 0.68 |
| ALYM (103/μl) | 8.74 ± 1.66 | 8.69 ± 1.20 | 8.47 ± 2.13 | 9.19 ± 1.29 | 8.19 ± 1.92 | 8.93 ± 2.12 | 8.92 ± 1.39 |
| AMON (103/μl) | 0.39 ± 0.20 | 0.35 ± 0.14 | 0.34 ± 0.10 | 0.39 ± 0.12 | 0.35 ± 0.10 | 0.41 ± 0.09 | 0.39 ± 0.13 |
| AEOS (103/μl) | 0.16 ± 0.09 | 0.17 ± 0.06 | 0.21 ± 0.10 | 0.16 ± 0.06 | 0.17 ± 0.07 | 0.20 ± 0.06 | 0.21 ± 0.10 |
| ABAS (103/μl) | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.06 ± 0.03 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.03 |
| ALUC (103/μl) | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.04 | 0.08 ± 0.03 | 0.08 ± 0.03 | 0.08 ± 0.03 |
| Coagulation—week 13 | |||||||
| PT (sec) | 10.9 ± 0.3 | 10.8 ± 0.3 | 11.0 ± 0.3 | 10.8 ± 0.3 | 10.9 ± 0.3 | 10.9 ± 0.2 | 11.0 ± 0.4 |
| APTT (sec) | 18.4 ± 2.0 | 18.7 ± 1.5 | 21.0 ± 6.2 | 20.1 ± 2.4 | 18.2 ± 1.8 | 19.0 ± 1.8 | 20.8 ± 4.7 |
| Clinical chemistry—week 12 | |||||||
| AST (U/l) | 117 ± 111 | 98 ± 22 | 77 ± 9 | 79 ± 21 | 91 ± 48 | 75 ± 11 | 80 ± 12 |
| ALT (U/l) | 47 ± 62 | 29 ± 12 | 25 ± 4 | 32 ± 23 | 36 ± 26 | 25 ± 4 | 27 ± 5 |
| SDH (U/l) | 9.8 ± 10.1 | 6.2 ± 5.8 | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 9.1 ± 4.8 | 8.0 ± 4.8 | 6.6 ± 1.0 | 5.8 ± 1.7 |
| ALKP (U/l) | 95 ± 29 | 82 ± 24 | 86 ± 22 | 93 ± 30 | 125 ± 55 | 90 ± 24 | 102 ± 36 |
| BILI (mg/dl) | 0.14 ± 0.02 | 0.14 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.2 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.15 ± 0.03 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 12 ± 1 A | 11 ± 1 | 10 ± 1 | 12 ± 1 | 11 ± 1 | 11 ± 1 | 10 ± 1* |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.27 ± 0.03 | 0.29 ± 0.03 | 0.27 ± 0.03 | 0.27 ± 0.02 | 0.27 ± 0.03 | 0.28 ± 0.04 | 0.25 ± 0.03 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 82 ± 27 | 87 ± 26 | 83 ± 20 | 93 ± 15 | 83 ± 14 | 80 ± 17 | 81 ± 16 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 80 ± 34 | 72 ± 33 | 87 ± 46 | 91 ± 31 | 88 ± 26 | 78 ± 25 | 96 ± 34 |
| Glucose, fasting (mg/dl) | 122 ± 15 | 128 ± 12 | 131 ± 17 | 115 ± 20 | 118 ± 15 | 116 ± 17 | 122 ± 21 |
| Total protein (g/dl) | 6.5 ± 0.2 | 6.6 ± 0.4 | 6.5 ± 0.2 | 6.5 ± 0.2 | 6.6 ± 0.3 | 6.5 ± 0.3 | 6.3 ± 0.4 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 0.2 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 3.0 ± 0.2 |
| Globulin (g/dl) | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 3.4 ± 0.3 | 3.3 ± 0.1 | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 3.5 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 0.2 |
| Calcium (mg/dl) | 10.1 ± 0.3 | 9.8 ± 0.4 | 10.1 ± 0.3 | 10.2 ± 0.2 | 10.3 ± 0.4 | 10.2 ± 0.4 | 10.1 ± 0.3 |
| Inorganic phosphorus (mg/dl) | 6.2 ± 0.5 | 6.3 ± 0.6 | 6.1 ± 0.5 | 6.4 ± 0.5 | 6.6 ± 0.5 | 6.4 ± 0.5 | 6.6 ± 0.3 |
| Sodium (mmol/l) | 145.5 ± 7.6 | 149.9 ± 10.1 | 142.7 ± 9.0 | 144.3 ± 9.6 | 147.1 ± 10.0 | 142.6 ± 7.3 | 140.0 ± 4.5 |
| Potassium (mmol/l) | 5.01 ± 0.54 | 5.51 ± 0.86 | 4.92 ± 0.37 | 4.72 ± 0.41 | 5.17 ± 0.48 | 4.92 ± 0.46 | 4.89 ± 0.35 |
| Chloride (mmol/l) | 104.9 ± 5.4 | 108.4 ± 7.6 | 103.5 ± 6.4 | 104.2 ± 7.1 | 106.2 ± 7.5 | 103.9 ± 5.2 | 102.2 ± 3.8 |
| – | |||||||
| Urinalysis—week 12 | |||||||
| Urine volume (ml) | 6.8 ± 4.4 | 3.2 ± 2.6 | 6.6 ± 2.7 | 4.3 ± 2.2 | 4.9 ± 5.6 | 5.9 ± 3.7 | 5.9 ± 4.6 |
| pH | 6.4 ± 0.5 | 6.2 ± 0.4a | 6.3 ± 0.3 | 6.2 ± 0.2 | 6.2 ± 0.3 | 6.5 ± 0.4 | 6.1 ± 0.2 |
| Specific gravity | 1.048 ± 0.022 | 1.069 ± 0.022a | 1.046 ± 0.017 | 1.063 ± 0.019 | 1.062 ± 0.027 | 1.048 ± 0.022 | 1.048 ± 0.018 |
| URO (EU/dl) | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.3a | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.3 |
| UMTP (mg/dl) | 139 ± 74 | 297 ± 181 | 183 ± 106 | 237 ± 104a | 167 ± 77a | 155 ± 90 | 157 ± 63 |
ABAS, absolute basophils; AEOS, absolute eosinophils; AF = algalfat; ALKP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALUC, absolute large unstained cells; ALYM, absolute lymphocytes; AMON, absolute monocytes; ANEU, absolute neutrophils; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; ARET, absolute reticulocytes; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BILI, total bilirubin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; KF = kokum fat; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; PT, prothrombin time; RBC, erythrocytes; RDW, red cell distribution width; SDH, sorbitol dehydrogenase; UMTP, protein; URO, urobilinogen; WBC, total white blood cells.
A = Significantanalysis of variance.
*
Statistically significant from Group 1 control (P < 0.05).
a
n = 9.
b
Control group.