Table 3.
Hematology, coagulation, and clinical chemistry parameters in female rats following dietary treatment with kokum fat or algal structuring fat.
| Parameter | Group 1d 0 ppm (n = 19) | Group 2 25,000 ppm KF (n = 10) | Group 3 50,000 ppm KF (n = 10) | Group 4 100,000 ppm KF (n = 10) | Group 5 25,000 ppm AF (n = 10) | Group 6 50,000 ppm AF (n = 10) | Group 7 100,000 ppm AF (n = 10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematology—week 12 | |||||||
| RBC (106/μl) | 8.17 ± 0.28 | 8.11 ± 0.38 | 7.93 ± 0.33 | 8.11 ± 0.46 | 8.20 ± 0.36 | 8.16 ± 0.33 | 8.31 ± 0.21 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 15.3 ± 0.5 | 15.0 ± 0.6 | 14.6 ± 0.6* | 15.1 ± 0.7 | 15.2 ± 0.5 | 15.1 ± 0.6 | 15.4 ± 0.6 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 44.5 ± 1.3 | 43.9 ± 1.7 | 42.7 ± 1.8 | 44.2 ± 1.9 | 44.9 ± 1.5 | 44.1 ± 1.4 | 45.3 ± 1.5 |
| MCV (fl) | 54.6 ± 1.7 | 54.2 ± 0.7 | 53.9 ± 1.0 | 54.6 ± 1.3 | 54.7 ± 1.7 | 54.0 ± 1.0 | 54.6 ± 1.6 |
| MCH (pg) | 18.8 ± 0.6 | 18.5 ± 0.3 | 18.4 ± 0.4 | 18.7 ± 0.6 | 18.6 ± 0.6 | 18.5 ± 0.4 | 18.5 ± 0.5 |
| MCHC (g/dl) | 34.4 ± 0.4 | 34.2 ± 0.4 | 34.2 ± 0.4 | 34.2 ± 0.6 | 33.9 ± 0.6 | 34.2 ± 0.4 | 34.0 ± 0.4 |
| RDW (%) | 11.5 ± 0.4 | 11.5 ± 0.5 | 11.5 ± 0.4 | 11.5 ± 0.3 | 11.3 ± 0.5 | 11.5 ± 0.3 | 11.4 ± 0.2 |
| Platelet count (103/μl) | 978 ± 98 | 1024 ± 101 | 1027 ± 121 | 1117 ± 105* | 947 ± 77 | 1033 ± 135 | 1042 ± 85 |
| WBC (103/μl) | 7.61 ± 2.12 | 8.14 ± 1.48 | 7.10 ± 1.57 | 9.37 ± 2.36 | 8.02 ± 1.02 | 8.22 ± 1.58 | 8.89 ± 2.80 |
| ARET (103/μl) | 152.5 ± 34.9 | 146.5 ± 37.2 | 148.2 ± 30.2 | 148.9 ± 20.6 | 164.6 ± 39.5 | 136.7 ± 26.7 | 153.1 ± 28.1 |
| ANEU (103/μl) | 1.43 ± 0.90 | 1.39 ± 0.52 | 1.28 ± 0.23 | 1.82 ± 0.92 | 1.62 ± 0.39 | 1.30 ± 0.64 | 1.30 ± 0.56 |
| ALYM (103/μl) | 5.76 ± 1.26 | 6.25 ± 1.18 | 5.44 ± 1.43 | 6.91 ± 1.88 | 5.88 ± 0.74 | 6.43 ± 1.10 | 7.05 ± 2.31 |
| AMON (103/μl) | 0.23 ± 0.09 | 0.28 ± 0.08 | 0.20 ± 0.06 | 0.34 ± 0.08* | 0.26 ± 0.08 | 0.24 ± 0.09 | 0.27 ± 0.09 |
| AEOS (103/μl) | 0.12 ± 0.05 A | 0.13 ± 0.03 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.18 ± 0.05* | 0.15 ± 0.05 | 0.14 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.05 |
| ABAS (103/μl) | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.01 |
| ALUC (103/μl) | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.07 ± 0.02 | 0.09 ± 0.05 |
| Coagulation—week 13 | |||||||
| PT (sec) | 10.2 ± 0.2 | 10.3 ± 0.2 | 10.3 ± 0.3 | 10.3 ± 0.3 | 10.4 ± 0.2 | 10.4 ± 0.2 | 10.4 ± 0.2 |
| APTT (sec) | 16.7 ± 1.3 | 16.1 ± 0.9 | 17.5 ± 2.0 | 16.7 ± 1.6 | 16.2 ± 1.5 | 16.9 ± 1.4 | 17.7 ± 2.2 |
| Clinical chemistry—week 12 | |||||||
| AST (U/l) | 68 ± 17 | 63 ± 11 | 69 ± 10 | 68 ± 28 | 67 ± 13 | 63 ± 9a | 63 ± 9 |
| ALT (U/l) | 24 ± 14 | 18 ± 3 | 19 ± 2 | 27 ± 19 | 21 ± 8 | 19 ± 4 | 20 ± 6 |
| SDH (U/l) | 6.9 ± 2.7 | 6.1 ± 1.5 | 6.5 ± 2.7 | 8.6 ± 4.4 | 7.5 ± 3.8 | 6.2 ± 1.7a | 5.7 ± 0.9 |
| ALKP (U/l) | 47 ± 17 | 45 ± 15 | 47 ± 14 | 52 ± 16 | 120 ± 210 | 49 ± 24 | 40 ± 13 |
| BILI (mg/dl) | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.16 ± 0.04 | 0.17 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.17 ± 0.02 |
| BUN (mg/dl) | 12 ± 2 | 11 ± 2 | 11 ± 1 | 11 ± 1 | 11 ± 2 | 11 ± 2 | 10 ± 2 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.33 ± 0.05 | 0.34 ± 0.03 | 0.34 ± 0.05 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.34 ± 0.03 | 0.33 ± 0.03 | 0.31 ± 0.04 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dl) | 90 ± 27 | 96 ± 23 | 89 ± 14 | 99 ± 25 | 88 ± 23 | 90 ± 17 | 89 ± 19 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 68 ± 41 | 95 ± 71 | 71 ± 31 | 90 ± 55 | 71 ± 31 | 81 ± 56 | 63 ± 20 |
| Glucose, fasting (mg/dl) | 105 ± 10 | 113 ± 14 | 113 ± 21 | 112 ± 15 | 113 ± 16 | 114 ± 15 | 115 ± 9 |
| Total protein (g/dl) | 7.4 ± 0.5 | 7.6 ± 0.3 | 7.4 ± 0.6 | 7.2 ± 0.7 | 7.3 ± 0.5 | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.1 ± 0.4 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 4.1 ± 0.2 | 3.9 ± 0.3 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.2 | 3.8 ± 0.3 |
| Globulin (g/dl) | 3.4 ± 0.2 | 3.5 ± 0.1 | 3.5 ± 0.3 | 3.4 ± 0.3 | 3.4 ± 0.3 | 3.4 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 0.1 |
| Calcium (mg/dl) | 10.6 ± 0.5 | 10.7 ± 0.2 | 10.3 ± 0.5 | 10.6 ± 0.7 | 10.6 ± 0.5 | 10.5 ± 0.3 | 10.5 ± 0.4 |
| Inorganic phosphorus (mg/dl) | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 5.4 ± 0.6 | 4.4 ± 0.7 | 5.2 ± 0.6 | 5.2 ± 0.7 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 0.5 |
| Sodium (mmol/l) | 141.5 ± 3.8 | 144.0 ± 6.0 | 142.6 ± 4.4 | 140.8 ± 4.0 | 141.8 ± 3.2 | 141.0 ± 2.6 | 139.7 ± 1.5 |
| Potassium (mmol/l) | 4.22 ± 0.47 | 4.47 ± 0.38 | 4.22 ± 0.45 | 4.42 ± 0.40 | 4.43 ± 0.40 | 4.60 ± 0.46 | 4.42 ± 0.30 |
| Chloride (mmol/l) | 101.7 ± 3.1 | 103.4 ± 4.3 | 102.9 ± 3.2 | 101.8 ± 3.0 | 102.5 ± 2.8 | 102.1 ± 2.2 | 101.8 ± 1.1 |
| Urinalysis—week 12 | |||||||
| Urine volume (ml) | 4.1 ± 3.2b | 3.0 ± 2.6 | 6.3 ± 5.0 | 6.3 ± 5.7 | 5.4 ± 4.2 | 4.1 ± 4.5 | 5.8 ± 5.2 |
| pH | 6.1 ± 0.4c | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 6.1 ± 0.2 | 6.3 ± 0.5 | 6.3 ± 0.4 | 6.3 ± 0.5 | 6.2 ± 0.3a |
| Specific gravity | 1.048 ± 0.026c | 1.061 ± 0.029 | 1.033 ± 0.014 | 1.040 ± 0.024 | 1.039 ± 0.024 | 1.048 ± 0.019 | 1.033 ± 0.018a |
| URO (EU/dl) | 0.3 ± 0.3c | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.0 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.0a |
| UMTP (mg/dl) | 98 ± 126b | 115 ± 73 | 43 ± 26 | 107 ± 153 | 56 ± 43 | 73 ± 40 | 80 ± 125 |
ABAS, absolute basophils; AEOS, absolute eosinophils; AF = algalfat; ALKP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALUC, absolute large unstained cells; ALYM, absolute lymphocytes; AMON, absolute monocytes; ANEU, absolute neutrophils; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; ARET, absolute reticulocytes; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BILI, total bilirubin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; KF = kokum fat; MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; PT, prothrombin time; RBC, erythrocytes; RDW, red cell distribution width; SDH, sorbitol dehydrogenase; UMTP, protein; URO, urobilinogen; WBC, total white blood cells.
A = Significant analysis of variance.
*
Statistically significant from Group 1 control (P < 0.05).
a
n = 9.
b
n = 18.
c
n = 17.
d
Control group.