Table 1.
Socio-demographic characteristics of the participants in the four counties, n (%).
| Demographic Characteristics | County | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Qufu | Yutai | Sishui | Rencheng | Total | |
| Age (years) | |||||
| 30–44 | 27 (26.0%) | 24 (23.8%) | 31 (31.3%) | 28 (27.7%) | 110 (27.2%) |
| 45–54 | 41 (39.4%) | 45 (44.5%) | 46 (46.5%) | 53 (52.5%) | 185 (45.6%) |
| 55–65 | 36 (34.6%) | 32 (31.7%) | 22 (22.2%) | 20 (19.8%) | 110 (27.2%) |
| Marital status | |||||
| Married | 100 (96.2%) | 99 (98.0%) | 96 (97.0%) | 95 (94.1%) | 390 (96.3%) |
| Divorced or widowed | 4 (3.8%) | 2 (2.0%) | 3 (3.0%) | 6 (5.9%) | 15 (3.7%) |
| Educational level | |||||
| No school | 21 (20.2%) | 26 (25.7%) | 50 (50.5%) | 14 (13.8%) | 111 (27.4%) |
| Primary school | 25 (24.0%) | 35 (34.7%) | 31 (31.3%) | 33 (32.7%) | 124 (30.6%) |
| Middle school | 47 (45.2%) | 31 (30.7%) | 13 (13.1%) | 43 (42.6%) | 134 (33.1%) |
| High school or above | 11 (10.6%) | 9 (8.9%) | 5 (5.1%) | 11 (10.9%) | 36 (8.9%) |
| Family income * (RMB (US$) per year) | |||||
| <10,000 (1606) | 14 (13.5%) | 20 (19.8%) | 60 (60.6%) | 10 (9.9%) | 104 (25.7%) |
| 10,000–20,000 (1606–3212) | 21 (20.2%) | 28 (27.7%) | 19 (19.2%) | 36 (35.6%) | 104 (25.7%) |
| 20,000–30,000 (3212–4818) | 28 (26.9%) | 28 (27.7%) | 10 (10.1%) | 25 (24.8%) | 91 (22.4%) |
| >30,000 (4818) | 41 (39.4%) | 25 (24.8%) | 10 (10.1%) | 30 (29.7%) | 106 (26.2%) |
| Total | 104 (25.7%) | 101 (24.9%) | 99 (24.5%) | 101 (24.9%) | 405 (100%) |
According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) data (https://data.oecd.org/conversion/exchange-rates.htm), the average annual exchange rate between US$ and RMB in 2015 was: US$1 = RMB 6.227. * Per capita disposable income of rural residents in China was RMB 11,422 (US$1834) (Year 2015). Per capita disposable income of rural residents in Shandong Province was RMB 12,930 (US$2077) (Year 2015).