. 2016 Apr 13;3:870–879. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.04.002

Table 1.

Parameters assessed in different models of chronic and acute liver injury and the role of taurine administration.

Treatment	Plasma ALT (U/l)	Plasma AST (U/l)	Plasma LDH (U/l)	Plasma ALP (U/l)	Plasma Bilirubin (mg/dl)	Plasma ammonia (μg/dl)	Liver GSH (μmol/mg tissue)	Liver TBARS (nmol/mg tissue)	Brain edema (% brain water)	Survival Rate (%)
Control (vehicle-treated rat)	45 ± 3	84 ± 9	316 ± 68	571 ± 86	0.09 ± 0.01	223 ± 22	67.86 ± 9.35	1.87 ± 0.22	81 ± 3	100
Control (vehicle-treated mice)	17 ± 5	48 ± 7	164 ± 42	456 ± 106	0.03 ± 0.01	241 ± 36	75.80 ± 10.50	1.86 ± 0.23	79 ± 4	100
Taurine-treated rats (1000 mg/kg)	33 ± 7	72 ± 9	284 ± 57	396 ± 123	0.08 ± 0.03	186 ± 53	82.53 ± 7.45	1.04 ± 0.51	78 ± 5	100
Taurine-treated mice (1000 mg/kg)	22 ± 6	53 ± 8	209 ± 18	286 ± 98	0.07 ± 0.03	304 ± 56	84.31 ± 4.29	1.23 ± 0.61	82 ± 4	100
TAA −treated rats	751 ± 108 ^*	1583 ± 366^*	3151 ± 269^*	755 ± 99	0.36 ± 0.04^*	625 ± 39^*	14.25 ± 2.30^*	9.57 ± 1.57^*	87 ± 1	100
Bile duct ligated (BDL) rats^d	335 ± 38^*	237 ± 55^*	606 ± 72^*	1738 ± 370^*	12.53 ± 0.45^*	938 ± 70^*	26.47 ± 3.95^*	3.93 ± 1.10^*	92 ± 2^*	66.66^*
APAP-treated mice^d	536 ± 130^*	627 ± 102^*	1083 ± 279^*	569 ± 65	0.22 ± 0.02^*	1110 ± 42^*	29.90 ± 3.70^*	10.85 ± 0.7^*	93 ± 3^*	66.66^*
TAA + Taurine 500 mg/kg	131 ± 29^a	476 ± 117 ^a	890 ± 58^a	680 ± 75	0.20 ± 0.03^a	490 ± 41^a	17.75 ± 2.32	2.44 ± 0.13^a	82 ± 2	100
TAA + Taurine 1000 mg/kg	118 ± 34^a	324 ± 67^a	618 ± 143^a	596 ± 121	0.14 ± 0.02^a	220 ± 22^a	21.23 ± 1.45^a	2.60 ± 0.40^a	83 ± 2	100
BDL + Taurine 500 mg/kg	139 ± 31^b	114 ± 10^b	321 ± 40^b	583 ± 92^b	2.80 ± 0.05^b	278 ± 26^b	50.00 ± 5.51^b	2.60 ± 0.12^b	80 ± 3^b	100^b
BDL + Taurine 1000 mg/kg	134 ± 19^b	128 ± 40^b	295 ± 42^b	681 ± 80 ^b	2.62 ± 0.08^b	228 ± 38^b	52.1 ± 4.28^b	2.2 ± 0.23 ^b	78 ± 3^b	100^b
APAP + Taurine 500 mg/kg	98 ± 10^c	330 ± 30^c	226 ± 58^c	609 ± 111	0.06 ± 0.01^c	791 ± 63^c	50.00 ± 1.50^c	7.40 ± 0.28^c	81 ± 3^c	100 ^c
APAP + Taurine 1000 mg/kg	79 ± 13^c	322 ± 80^c	280 ± 47^c	551 ± 54	0.026 ± 0.01^c	708 ± 52^c	53.13 ± 4.30 ^c	6.61 ± 0.30 ^c	83 ± 2 ^c	100 ^c

Data are given as Mean ± SEM for each group (n = 6). TAA: Thioacetamide, BDL: Bile duct ligated, APAP: Acetyl Para amino phenol, Acetaminophen.

*Indicates significantly different as compared to control animals (P < 0.05).

Shows significant difference as compared to thioacetamide-treated rats (P < 0.05).

Indicates significant difference as compared to BDL rats (P < 0.05).

Indicates significant difference as compared to APAP-treated mice (P < 0.05).

Two out of six animals were death (n = 4).