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. 2017 Sep 5;114(38):10280–10285. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1706593114

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Regulation of ABA signaling by the RCAR family of Arabidopsis. Protoplasts of WT Col-0 (filled bars) and the ABA-deficient mutant aba2-1 (open bars) were transfected with 3 µg effector DNA for expression of the different RCARs (R1–R14)/PYR1/PYLs (P1–P13) or the empty vector (EV) in absence (−ABA; A) and presence (+ABA; B) of 5 µM exogenous ABA. (Inset) The endogenous ABA level of protoplasts of WT and aba2-1 plants (mean of triplicates ± SD). In the presence of exogenous ABA, the RCAR-mediated inductions of ABA signaling in aba2-1 protoplasts were significantly higher compared with the ABA-treated cells transfected with the empty vector (P < 0.02). The three subfamilies of ABA receptors are color-coded as follows: subfamily I, yellow; subfamily II, red; subfamily III, blue. ABA-responsive luciferase expression driven by the RD29B promoter is expressed relative to the control without ABA and was normalized to a constitutively expressed control gene. The reporter expression in protoplasts was 3.1 kRLU (relative light units)/RFU (relative fluorescence units) for Col-0 cells and 25.7 kRLU/RFU for aba2-1 cells without both RCAR effector and ABA. Both values were set to 1. The analyses were conducted in triplicates (mean ± SD).