Figure 4. The abnormal metabolic pathways involved in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on characteristic metabolites in serum metabonomes.
(A), Panc-1 cell induced subcutaneous xenograft model; (B), Panc-1 cell induced orthotopic xenograft model; (C), BxPC-3 cell induced subcutaneous xenograft model; (D), BxPC-3 cell induced orthotopic xenograft model. Abbreviations for the metabolites are listed in Table 1.