Table 1. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of the participants.
| Variables | Controls | Gastric ulcer | Gastric cancer | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 185 | 191 | 194 | |
| Age (years) | 54.6 (3.7) | 54.9 (5.2) | 54.7 (9.7) | 0.899 |
| Gender (male, %) | 104 (56.2) | 111 (58.1) | 118 (60.8) | 0.657 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.5 (3.2) | 23.4 (3.4) | 22.9 (3.2) | 0.189 |
| Current smoker (%) | 91 (49.2) | 97 (50.8) | 101 (52.1) | 0.855 |
| CEA (ng/ml) | 0.86 (0.79–0.96)a | 1.33 (0.90–1.76)b | 2.09 (1.18–3.67)c | < 0.001 |
| WBC (×109/L) | 6.6 (1.5) | 6.7 (1.5) | 6.3 (2.2) | 0.069 |
| Platelet (×109/L) | 218.5 (58.9)a | 252.7 (58.4) | 268.4 (88.9)c | < 0.001 |
| MPV (fL) | 10.3 (1.3)a | 10.6 (1.3)b | 8.7 (1.4)c | < 0.001 |
| PDW (%) | 14.8 (2.3)a | 12.8 (2.2)b | 17.4 (1.1)c | < 0.001 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 140.7 (13.8)a | 134.5 (10.6) | 132.7 (21.2)c | < 0.001 |
Data are presented as means (SD) or median (interquartile range) or percentage. BMI, body mass index; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; WBC, white blood cells; MPV, mean platelet volume; PDW, platelet distribution width. P-value was calculated by one-way ANOVA test or KruskaleWallis H test or chi-square test. A indicates a significant difference (p < 0.05) by comparison of controls and gastric ulcer using post hoc Tukey test or Mann-Whitney U test. B indicates a significant difference (p < 0.05) by comparison of gastric ulcer and gastric cancer using post hoc Tukey test or Mann-Whitney U test. C indicates a significant difference (p < 0.05) by comparison of controls and gastric cancer using post hoc Tukey test or Mann-Whitney U test.