Table 3.
Summary of Direct Meta-analysis for All Weight Loss and Adverse Event Outcomes
| Pharmacological Intervention | No. of Studies | Active Intervention | Control (Placebo Unless Otherwise Noted) | OR or Weighted Mean Difference, kg (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|||||
| No. With Event | Total No. | No. With Event | Total No. | |||
| ≥5% Weight Loss | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Orlistat | 16 | 3140 | 5315 | 1694 | 4694 | 2.69 (2.36 to 3.07) |
|
| ||||||
| Lorcaserin | 3 | 1562 | 3350 | 729 | 3288 | 3.09 (2.49 to 3.83) |
|
| ||||||
| Naltrexone-bupropion | 4 | 1081 | 2044 | 274 | 1319 | 3.90 (2.91 to 5.22) |
|
| ||||||
| Phentermine-topiramate | 2 | 1019 | 1479 | 290 | 1477 | 9.10 (7.68 to 10.78) |
|
| ||||||
| Liraglutide | 3 | vs Placebo: 1798 | 2921 | Placebo: 380 | 1503 | 5.09 (4.07 to 6.37) |
| vs Orlistat: 53 | 72 | Orlistat: 29 | 67 | 3.66 (1.79 to 7.46) | ||
|
| ||||||
| ≥10% Weight Loss | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Orlistat | 14 | 1520 | 4859 | 684 | 4249 | 2.41 (2.08 to 2.78) |
|
| ||||||
| Lorcaserin | 3 | 742 | 3350 | 276 | 3288 | 3.17 (2.53 to 3.97) |
|
| ||||||
| Naltrexone-bupropion | 4 | 599 | 2044 | 112 | 1319 | 4.11 (2.80 to 6.05) |
|
| ||||||
| Phentermine-topiramate | 2 | 702 | 1479 | 109 | 1477 | 11.34 (9.10 to 14.13) |
|
| ||||||
| Liraglutide | 3 | vs Placebo: 930 | 2921 | Placebo: 146 | 1503 | 4.36 (3.61 to 5.26) |
| vs Orlistat: 27 | 72 | Orlistat: 9 | 67 | 3.87 (1.65 to 9.04) | ||
|
| ||||||
| Mean Weight Loss in Excess of Placeboa | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Orlistat | 14 | 3391 | 2777 | −2.63 (−2.94 to −2.32)b | ||
|
| ||||||
| Lorcaserin | 3 | 3350 | 3288 | −3.25 (−3.55 to −2.95)b | ||
|
| ||||||
| Naltrexone-bupropion | 2 | 1297 | 967 | −4.95 (−5.54 to −4.36)b | ||
|
| ||||||
| Phentermine-topiramate | 1 | 981 | 979 | −8.80 (−9.62 to −7.98)b | ||
|
| ||||||
| Liraglutide | 3 | 2921 | 1503 | −5.24 (−5.60 to −4.87)b | ||
| 72 | 67 | −3.90 (−5.18 to −2.62)b | ||||
|
| ||||||
| Discontinuation of Therapy Due to Adverse Events | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Orlistat | 16 | 439 | 5323 | 224 | 4704 | 1.84 (1.55 to 2.18) |
|
| ||||||
| Lorcaserin | 3 | 250 | 3350 | 190 | 3288 | 1.40 (0.96 to 2.03) |
|
| ||||||
| Naltrexone-bupropion | 4 | 501 | 2044 | 175 | 1319 | 2.60 (2.15 to 3.14) |
|
| ||||||
| Phentermine-topiramate | 2 | 274 | 1479 | 132 | 1477 | 2.32 (1.86 to 2.89) |
|
| ||||||
| Liraglutide | 3 | vs Placebo: 292 | 2921 | Placebo: 57 | 1503 | 2.82 (2.10 to 3.77) |
| vs Orlistat: 7 | 72 | Orlistat: 2 | 67 | 3.50 (0.70 to 17.49) | ||
Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio.
a
Continuous outcome; event rate not applicable.
b
Weighted mean difference (or excess weight loss vs placebo).