Table 1.

Patient characteristics and stool analysis results

N	Agea	Gender	Diagnosis	Stool inflammatory markers/infection	Intestinal microbiome analysis	Short chain fatty acids (SCFA)
1	73	Male	BAD/CLLb	Calprotectin 77 mcg/g f EPX c 4.3 mcg/g sIgA e 335 mcg/g infection‐none	F/B ratiod 5 Low Diversity Low Beta‐glucuronidase 3350 U/gi	Total 92.8g n‐Butyrate 11.5h
2	82	Female	Bulbar‐onset definite ALSk	(Did twice of these tests) Calprotectin 143 mcg/g, 121 mcg/g EPX 1.6 mcg/g sIgA 208 mcg/g infection‐none	F/B ratio 113 Diversity Low Beta‐glucuronidase 591 U/g	Total 69 n‐Butyrate 12.3
3	53	Female	Bulbar‐onset definite ALS	Calprotectin <16 EPX 0.6 sIgA 449 mcg/g infection‐none	F/B ratio 9 Low Diversity Low Beta‐glucuronidase 9,991 U/g	Total 42.4 n‐Butyrate 7.5
4	46	Female	Definite ALS	Calprotectin <10 sIgA 56.8culture: candida albicans 2+	Dysbiosis by culture	Total 3.8 (4–18 mg/ml) n‐butyrate 0.43 Low (0.8–4.8 mg/ml)
5	39	Female	Definite ALS, Celiac disease (confirmed by intestinal biopsy)	(Did twice of these tests ×2) Calprotectin <16 × 2 EPX <DLj, 0.5 sIgA 121 mcg/g, 135 mcg/g infection‐none	F/B ratio 18, 10 Low Diversity Low × 2 Beta‐glucuronidase 3,737, 3,386 U/g	Total 34.5, 29 Borderline Low n‐Butyrate 12.2, 8.1 (>=3.6micromol/g)

^aIn years.

^bBrachial Amyotrophic Diplegia/Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

^cEosinophil Protein X (reference range <= 4.6, 4.3 is borderline high).

^dFirmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (reference range 12–620, 18 is borderline low).

^eFecal secretory IgA (reference range <885 mcg/g, 335 and 449 mcg/g are borderline elevated).

^fCalprotectin reference range <50 mcg/g.

^gTotal SCFAs (acetate, n‐butyrate, propionate) reference range >=23.3micromol/g, 29–34.5 is considered borderline low.

^hn‐Butyrate concentration reference range>=3.6 micromol/g.

ⁱBeta‐glucuronidase reference range 368–6266 U/g.

^j<DL less than detectable levels.

^kDefined by El Escorial Criteria.

The bold fonts are used to shown the changed values.