| ADK | adenosine kinase |
| AGO | Argonaute |
| Cas9 | CRISPR-associated 9 |
| CRISPRs | Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats |
| DCL | Dicer-like enzyme |
| HEN | HUA Enhancer |
| miRNA | MicroRNA |
| NLS | Nuclear localization signal |
| PTGS | Post-transcriptional gene silencing |
| PTM | Post translational modification |
| RdDM | RNA-dependent DNA methylation |
| RdRP | RNA-dependent RNA polymerase |
| RecSat | Recombinant satellite molecule |
| Rep | Replication initiator protein |
| RISC | RNA-induced silencing complex |
| RITS | RNA-induced transcriptional silencing |
| SAM | S-adenosyl methionine |
| SAMDC | S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase |
| siRNA | Small interfering RNA |
| sncRNAs | Small non-coding RNAs |
| SnRK | Serine/threonine kinase (SNF) related kinase |
| TGS | Transcriptional gene silencing |
| vsiRNA | Viral genome derived small interfering RNA |
| VSR | Viral suppressors of RNA silencing |
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