Table 1.

Elemental surface composition of unmodified Ti6Al4V plates (Ti), Ti6Al4V plates treated with plasma immersion ion implantation of copper (Ti-Cu) or Ti6Al4V plates treated with plasma immersion ion implantation of copper and an additional plasma polymerized allylamine film (Ti-Cu-PPAAm) determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); data are given as mean and standard deviation of measurements at n = 3 different surface positions of the same sample.

Implant Series	Ti [%]	Al [%]	V [%]	Cu [%]	C [%]	O [%]	N [%]
Ti	16.3 ± 0.2	2.5 ± 0.4	0.4 ± 0.1	0	32.4 ± 0.9	44.4 ± 0.9	2.7 ± 0.3
Ti-Cu	12.7 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.04	0.4 ± 0.03	4.1 ± 0.1	30.2 ± 1.3	45.7 ± 1.3	0
Ti-Cu-PPAAm	0	0	0	0	74.5 ± 0.3	2.2 ± 0.1	23.2 ± 0.2