| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| TLR4 | Toll-like receptor 4 |
| TLR2 | Toll-like receptor 2 |
| TLRs | toll like receptors |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor α |
| iNOS | inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| COX-2 | cyclooxygenase-2 |
| PGE2 | prostaglandin E2 |
| SPR | surface plasmon resonance |
| CCK-8 | Cell Counting Kit-8 |
| PMA | phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate |
| DAPI | 2-(4-amidinophenyl)-6-indolecarbamidine dihydrochloride |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| ERK | extracellular signal regulated kinase |
| JNK | c-Jun N terminal kinase |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor-kappa B |
Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.