Table 2.
Association of Urinary Tract Stones with Incident Fractures
| Urinary tract stones
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (n) | Events | No | Yes HR (95% CI) | |
| Total fracture | ||||
| Unadjusted (entire cohort) | 150,689 | 21,762 | 1 (ref) | 1.10 (1.04–1.17) |
| Adjusted (entire cohort)a | 110,958 | 15,660 | 1 (ref) | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) |
| Adjusted (BMD cohort)b | 9,626 | 1,385 | 1 (ref) | 1.08(0.87–1.34) |
| Adjusted (BMD cohort)c | 9,626 | 1,385 | 1 (ref) | 1.08(0.87–1.34) |
| Hip fracture | ||||
| Unadjusted | 150,689 | 1,871 | 1 (ref) | 1.05 (0.86–1.29) |
| Adjusteda | 110,958 | 1,281 | 1 (ref) | 0.89 (0.69–1.16) |
| Clinical spine fracture | ||||
| Unadjusted | 150,689 | 2,350 | 1 (ref) | 1.30 (1.10–1.53) |
| Adjusteda | 110,958 | 1,605 | 1 (ref) | 1.17 (0.95–1.43) |
| Other fracture | ||||
| Unadjusted | 150,689 | 18,900 | 1 (ref) | 1.08 (1.01–1.15) |
| Adjusteda | 110,958 | 13,672 | 1 (ref) | 1.02 (0.94–1.10) |
HRs and 95% CIs from Cox regression model for time to fracture on time-dependent urinary tract stones status. Cox proportional hazard model was used including urinary tract stones as time varying variable.
Adjusted for: age, race, BMI, physical functioning, age at menopause, education, income, region, smoking, fracture at age 55+ years, parent with fracture after 40 years old, general health, alcohol intake, diabetes history, hormone therapy use, physical activity, bisphosphonate, calcitonin, oral corticosteroids, antiepileptic, proton pump inhibitor, thiazide, loop diuretic, thyroid meds, HT arm, DM arm, CaD arm, and diet and supplement intake.
Adjusted for: age, race, BMI, and total hip BMD.
Adjusted for: age, race, BMI, and lumbar spine BMD.