SB431542 inactivated SMAD2 signaling, and suppressed CLDN6 in MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells. (A–D) SB431542 downregulated P-SMAD2 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner. SB431542 treatment increased CLDN6 and decreased P-SMAD2. (A,C) MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells were incubated with SB431542 for 24 h at the indicated concentrations. (B,D) MCF-7 and SKBR-3 cells were incubated with SB431542 at 10 μM for the indicated time (E) P-SMAD3 expression was decreased by SB431542 treatment. Immunoblot analysis was used to determine the expression of P-SMAD2, CLDN6, and P-SMAD3. Results of densitometry analysis of relative expression levels of P-SMAD2 and P-SMAD3 after normalization to SMAD2 and SMAD3 and CLDN6 expression levels after normalization to loading control β-actin are presented (* p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 are considered statistically significant and highly statistically significant, respectively). Bars represent mean ± SE (n = 3).