Table 1.

Summary of radiopharmaceutical used for angiogenesis imaging.

Radiotracers	Imaging Mode	Biological Analog	Target Process	References
18F-FDG	PET	Glucose	Glucose metabolism, GLUT-1 expression	[16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]
123I or 125I-VEGF165/121	SPECT	VEGF isoforms	VEGF pathway, bind to VEGFR	[26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42]
99mTc-VEGF121	SPECT	VEGF isoforms	VEGF pathway, bind to VEGFR-2	[42,43,44,45]
111In–VEGF165	SPECT	VEGF isoforms	VEGF pathway, bind to VEGFR	[46]
64Cu-VEGF121	PET	VEGF isoforms	VEGF pathway, bind to VEGFR-2	[47,48]
111In Bevacizumab	SPECT	VEGF	VEGF pathway; antibody against VEGF-A	[49]
89Zr Bevacizumab	PET	VEGF	VEGF pathway; antibody against VEGF-A	[49,50]
125I-RGD peptides	SPECT	Integrin αvβ3	Bind to RDG sequence of integrin	[51]
18F-Galacto RGD peptides	PET	Integrin αvβ3	Bind to RDG sequence of integrin	[51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59]
68Ga-NOTA-PRGD2	PET	Integrin αvβ3	Bind to RDG sequence of integrin	[55,59,60]
64Cu-DOTA RGDyK	PET	Integrin αvβ3	Bind to RDG sequence of integrin	[61,62]
99mTc-scFvL19	SPECT	Fibronectin	Fibronectin pathway, antibody against ED-B domain	[63,64]
123I-scFvL19	SPECT	Fibronectin	Fibronectin pathway, antibody against ED-B domain	[65]
76Br or 124I-L19 SIP	PET	Fibronectin	Fibronectin pathway, antibody against ED-B domain	[66,67]
18F-SAV 03M	PET	Matrix metalloproteinasis	Gelatinases pathway, inibithors of MMP-2	[68]
68Ga-NOTA-C6	PET	Matrix metalloproteinasis	Gelatinases pathway, inibithors of MMP-2 and 9	[69]
18F-FMISO	PET	Nitroimidazole	Hypoxia	[70,71,72,73,74]
64Cu-ATSM	PET		Hypoxia	[75,76]