Table 2.
Participant Characteristics by Randomized Condition
| Characteristics | RMCWO
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n=242) | RMC (n=238) | Total (n=480) | Chi-sq. | P | |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||
| African American | 81% | 85% | 83% | 2.84 | 0.416 |
| Caucasian | 8% | 8% | 8% | ||
| Hispanic | 5% | 4% | 5% | ||
| Mixed/Other | 5% | 3% | 4% 36.7 |
||
| Age (mean) | 37.2 | 36.3 | (10.4) | F=0.92 | 0.339 |
| Married/living with someone | 11% | 13% | 12% | 1.06 | 0.589 |
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 18% | 15% | 17% | ||
| Never married | 71% | 72% | 71% | ||
| Number of Children under age 21 | |||||
| None | 41% | 33% | 37% | 3.47 | 0.320 |
| 1 | 16% | 18% | 17% | ||
| 2 | 15% | 18% | 17% | ||
| 3+ | 27% | 31% | 29% | ||
| Child/Custody | (n=141) | (n=158) | (n=299) | ||
| Self Only | 43% | 39% | 41% | 0.54 | 0.768 |
| Self + Others | 28% | 27% | 27% | ||
| Others Only | 30% | 34% | 32% | ||
| Age of first use under 15 | 21% | 22% | 22% | 0.05 | 0.8 17 |
| Prior Substance Abuse Treatment | |||||
| 0 times | 6% | 5% | 6% | 0.51 | 0.776 |
| 1 time | 31% | 34% | 32% | ||
| 2+ times | 63% | 61% | 62% | ||
| Weekly Use in the 90 days before incarceration | 89% | 90% | 89% | 0.01 | 1.000 |
| Dependence (lifetime) | |||||
| Any | 81% | 79% | 80% | 0.10 | 0.820 |
| Alcohol | 15% | 13% | 14% | 0.20 | 0.653 |
| Cannabis | 10% | 10% | 10% | 0.05 | 0.831 |
| Cocaine | 43% | 39% | 41% | 0.76 | 0.384 |
| Opioid | 45% | 45% | 45% | 0.03 | 0.869 |
| Other | 22% | 27% | 24% | 1.37 | 0.242 |
| Any Co-occurring Disorder (Past Year) | 40% | 45% | 43% | 1.38 | 0.268 |
| Depression | 29% | 34% | 32% | 1.46 | 0.228 |
| Anxiety | 10% | 11% | 11% | 0.13 | 0.718 |
| Traumatic Related | 20% | 18% | 19% | 0.53 | 0.467 |
| ADHD | 13% | 17% | 15% | 1.49 | 0.222 |
| Conduct Disorder | 14% | 17% | 15% | 0.70 | 0.403 |
| Pathological Gambling | 2% | 1% | 2% | 0.47 | 0.494 |
|
| |||||
| Borderline Personality | 36% | 40% | 38% | 1.174 | 0.301 |
| Antisocial Personality Behavior | 12% | 9% | 10% | 0.70 | 0.456 |
| HIV Risk Behaviors (past 90 days) | |||||
| Unprotected Sex | 56% | 68% | 74% | 7.67 | 0.006 |
| Multiple Sex Partners | 19% | 24% | 21% | 1.76 | 0.185 |
| Sex Trading | 14% | 13% | 14% | 0.06 | 0.894 |
| Victimization | 67% | 68% | 68% | 0.16 | 0.694 |
| Worried About Victimization | 5% | 9% | 7% | 4.09 | 0.048 |
| Needle Use | 7% | 4% | 5% | 1.95 | 0.163 |
| Needle Sharing | 1% | 0% | 0% | 1.98 | 0.160 |
| Any HIV Risk Behaviors | 86% | 88% | 87% | 0.37 | 0.590 |
| HIV Positive | 4% | 2% | 3% | 1.35 | 0.381 |
| Criminal History | |||||
| First arrest under age 15 | 4% | 4% | 4% | 0.00 | 1.000 |
| 5+ arrests | 52% | 51% | 52% | 0.05 | 0.855 |
| Prior incarceration of a week or more | |||||
| (L5ac) | 88% | 85% | 86% | 0.52 | 0.506 |
| Moderate/High Crime or Violence | 50% | 55% | 53% | 1.12 | 0.289 |
| Types of Current Charges \a | |||||
| Alcohol or Other Drug Crime | 64% | 63% | 63% | 0.11 | 0.777 |
| Property Crime | 28% | 21% | 25% | 2.86 | 0.092 |
| Prostitution | 5% | 5% | 5% | 0.06 | 0.840 |
| Violent Crime | 2% | 5% | 4% | 2.18 | 0.156 |
| Criminal Justice Violations | 3% | 2% | 3% | 0.31 | 0.772 |
| Other | 8% | 8% | 8% | 0.05 | 0.868 |
| At the time of Release\b | |||||
| On Probation or Parole | 31% | 29% | 30% | 0.23 | 0.692 |
| Mandated to Treatment | 23% | 30% | 26% | 3.04 | 0.096 |
Note: Bold indicates p < .05. Only 2 of 62 (3%) of the differences were statistically significant by condition: any unprotected sex & any victimization; but working against randomization and do not show up in differences in sex trading or prostitutions.
\a
Charges from arrest at baseline, extracted from records
\b
Random assignment happened just after the time of release