Table 3.
Clinical and neuropsychological data between groups.
| Frontal AD (n=8) | Controls (n=18) | AD (n=18) | bvFTD (n=18) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at evaluation (years) | 63.5 (±8.9) | 68.6 (±7)NS | 64.8 (±9.6)NS | 65.7 (±7.9)NS |
| Disease duration (years) | 3.5 (±2.4) | NA | 3.4 (±1.7)NS | 3.2 (±1.6)NS |
| Sex (male/female) | 7/1 | 10/8 | 9/9 | 9/9 |
| Educational level (in years) | 10.4 (±3.9) | 12.2 (±2.3)NS | 10.5 (±3.9)NS | 9.8 (±4.3)NS |
| MMSE ( /30) | 17.6 (±5.6) | 29.6 (±0.6)* | 22.2 (±2.9)** | 23.3 (±3.6)** |
| Orientation time/space ( /10) | 6.3 (±2.9) | 9.4 (±2.3)* | 8 (±1.9)NS | 8 (±1.8)NS |
| MATTIS ( /144) | 109.3 (±16.7) | 143.3 (±1.5)* | NA | 119.2 (±12.3)NS |
| MATTIS - Attention ( /37) | 34.6 (±2.8) | 37 (±0)** | NA | 33.9 (±3.6)NS |
| MATTIS - Initiation ( /37) | 24.4 (±7.4) | 36.5 (±1.0)** | NA | 27.4 (±5.6)NS |
| MATTIS - Construction ( /6) | 5 (±0.8) | 6 (±0)** | NA | 5.6 (±0.7)NS |
| MATTIS - Concepts ( /39) | 29.4 (±8.5) | 39 (±0)* | NA | 32 (±4.9)NS |
| MATTIS - Memory ( /25) | 19 (±10) | 24.8 (±0.5)NS | NA | 19 (±3.7)NS |
| Memory: Encoding (FCSRT) ( /16) | 8 (±4.2) | 15.7 (±0.6)* | 12.4 (±1.9)* | 13.8 (±3)** |
| Total Free Recall (FCSRT) ( /48) | 5.4 (±5.3) | 33.8 (±7.9)* | 12 (±5.3)** | 16.9 (±5.2)* |
| Total (Free + Cued) Recall (FCSRT) ( /48) | 16 (±14.6) | 46 (±1.8)* | 30.8 (±8.6)** | 39.9 (±7.6)** |
| Verbal Span (Direct) | 4.8 (±0.7) | 5.5 (±0.7)** | 4.8 (±1.3)NS | 5.2 (±1.4)NS |
| Verbal Span (Indirect) | 3.3 (±0.09) | 4 (±0.6)NS | 3.4 (±1.2)NS | 3.1 (±0.9)NS |
| Phonemic Fluency in 2 minutes | 7 (±5.1) | 13.7 (±3.2)** | 8.2 (±6.3)NS | 6.6 (±3.8)NS |
| Category Fluency in 2 minutes | 10.4 (±7.3) | 19.1 (±4.5)** | 13.8 (±4.8)NS | 10.6 (±3.9)NS |
| FAB ( /18) | 9.4 (±4.5) | 16.9 (±0.9)* | 13 (±2.3)** | 11.6 (±3.3)NS |
| Wisconsin ( /20) | 6 (±3) | 19 (±1.1)* | NA | 2.5 (±1.7)NS |
| Mini-SEA | 24 (±16) | 41.2 (±6.9)* | NA | 26.2 (±3.4)** |
FAB: Frontal Assessment Battery; FCSRT: Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test; Mini-SEA: Mini version of the Social Cognition and Emotional Assessment; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Exam; NA: Data not available. Comparison between frontal variant AD patients and other groups was performed using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test with the following annotations:
NS
Non significant vs frontal variant AD group.
*
p<0.001.
**
p<0.05