Table 4.
Key primary outcome indicators used to assess malaria control intervention scale-up
| Indicator | Purpose/rationale of indicator |
|---|---|
| Vector control | |
| Proportion of households with at least one ITN | Measures household ITN ownership |
| Proportion of households with at least one ITN for every two people | Measures the proportion of households with sufficient ITNs to cover all individuals who spent the previous night in surveyed households, assuming an average of two people sharing each ITN |
| Proportion of population with access to an ITN in their household | Measures the proportion of the population that could have slept under an ITN, assuming each ITN is used by two people |
| Proportion of the population that slept under an ITN the previous night | Measures the level of ITN use among all individuals who spent the previous night in surveyed households, regardless of whether those individuals had access to an ITN in their household |
| Proportion of children under 5 years old who slept under an ITN the previous night | Measures the level of ITN use of children under 5 years old. |
| Proportion of pregnant women who slept under an ITN the previous night | Measures the level of ITN use among pregnant women |
| Proportion of existing ITNs used the previous night | Measures the use of existing ITNs. In certain instances, calculating the proportion of existing ITNs used the previous night will be useful for assessing the utilization of existing ITNs and determining the magnitude of nonuse of ITNs at the time of the survey |
| Households covered by vector control: proportion of households with at least one ITN and/or sprayed by IRS in the last 12 months | Measures the proportion of household protected by an ITN or IRS |
| Universal coverage of vector control: proportion of households with at least one ITN for every two people or sprayed by IRS within the last 12 months | Measures progress towards achievement of universal coverage of malaria prevention through the two main vector control activities |
| Intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp) | |
| Proportion of women who received three or more doses of IPTp for malaria during antenatal care visits during their last pregnancy | Measures national level coverage of use of IPTp to prevent malaria during pregnancy among women who gave birth in the last two years. |
| Case management | |
| Proportion of children under 5 years old with fever in the last 2 weeks who had a finger or heel stick | Measures national-level coverage of parasitological diagnosis among children under 5 years of age |
| Proportion of children under 5 years old with fever in the last 2 weeks for whom advice or treatment was sought from a formal health-care provider | Measures national-level coverage of health seeking behavior for malaria from the formal health care providers among children under 5 years |
| Proportion of children under 5 years old with fever in last 2 weeks who received first-line antimalarial treatment according to national policy | Measures national-level treatment coverage of children under 5 years are in accordance with national first-line malaria treatment policy. |
| Proportion receiving treatment with recommended first-line antimalarial, among children under 5 years old with fever in the last 2 weeks who received any antimalarial drugs | Measures what proportion of antimalarial treatment received by children under 5 years are in accordance with national first-line malaria treatment policy. |
Source: Adapted from Roll Back Malaria, 2013, Household Survey Indicators for Malaria Control. ITN = insecticide-treated net; IRS = indoor residual spraying; IPTp = intermittent preventive treatment of pregnant women.