Table 4.
Multivariable random-effects logistic regression model of determinants of severe anemia (hemoglobin < 8 g/dL) in children 6–30 months of age, Malawi, 2005–2009
| Parameter | Odds ratio | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|
| Any ITNs in household | 0.82* | 0.72–0.94 |
| Malaria infection | 4.25* | 3.70–4.88 |
| Household wealth quintile | ||
| Lowest (reference) | 1 | |
| Second | 0.85 | 0.72–1.01 |
| Middle | 0.76* | 0.63–0.90 |
| Fourth | 0.81* | 0.67–0.98 |
| Highest | 0.55* | 0.44–0.70 |
| Age (months) | 0.97* | 0.96–0.98 |
| Mean rainfall anomaly, February/March | 0.99* | 0.99–1.00 |
| Mean minimum temperature anomaly, February/March | 1.74* | 1.35–2.25 |
| Year† | ||
| 2005 (reference) | 1 | |
| 2007 | 1.11 | 0.64–1.94 |
| 2008 | 1.32 | 0.62–2.82 |
| 2009 | 1.09 | 0.45–2.66 |
| Region | ||
| Northern (reference) | 1 | |
| Central | 0.80 | 0.32–2.00 |
| Southern | 0.32* | 0.13–0.79 |
| Year/region interaction | ||
| 2007 × Central | 1.12 | 0.45–2.79 |
| 2007 × Southern | 15.99* | 4.73–54.10 |
| 2008 × Central | 1.61 | 0.60–4.32 |
| 2008 × Southern | 4.42* | 1.60–12.23 |
| 2009 × Central | 4.00* | 1.41–11.37 |
| 2009 × Southern | 3.88* | 1.49–10.12 |
CI = confidence interval; ITN = insecticide-treated net.
*
Significant at P < 0.05.
†
2006 parasitemia data were not available for this analysis.