Table 1.
Significant results for the effect of testing conditions on dependant variables.
| Dependant Variables | Results | Post-hoc comparisons | χ 2 | Df | P | Cohen’s d | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time in the centre | Overall effect | — | 111.93 | 4 | <0.001 | — | — |
| Post-hoc | Control/Still | 58.20 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.80 | 11.07–19.12 | |
| Control/Move | 35.19 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.64 | 8.04–17.10 | ||
| Control/SM | 1.41 | 1 | 0.23 | 0.14 | −1.66–6.35 | ||
| Control/MS | 17.45 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.40 | 4.53–13.36 | ||
| Still/Move | 3.71 | 1 | 0.054 | 0.12 | −0.33–5.39 | ||
| Still/SM | 77.19 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.73 | 9.80–15.71 | ||
| Still/MS | 23.52 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.43 | 3.57–8.73 | ||
| Move/SM | 45.95 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.99 | −13.29–−7.16 | ||
| Move/MS | 6.17 | 1 | 0.01 | 0.30 | 0.64 – 6.60 | ||
| SM/MS | 18.19 | 1 | < 0.001 | 0.46 | −9.75–−3.45 | ||
| Time stationary | Overall effect | — | 215.51 | 4 | <0.001 | — | — |
| Post-hoc | Control/Still | 0.00 | 1 | 0.98 | 0.00 | −2.01–1.97 | |
| Control/Move | 111.80 | 1 | <0.001 | 1.30 | 11.14–16.45 | ||
| Control/SM | 31.74 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.84 | 3.94–8.40 | ||
| Control/MS | 51.13 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.91 | 5.74–10.30 | ||
| Still/Move | 141.49 | 1 | <0.001 | 1.49 | −16.18–−11.45 | ||
| Still/SM | 26.70 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.58 | −8.63–−3.75 | ||
| Still/MS | 50.63 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.85 | −10.33–−5.74 | ||
| Move/SM | 54.40 | 1 | <0.001 | 1.09 | −9.72–−5.52 | ||
| Move/MS | 24.87 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.66 | 3.42–8.13 | ||
| SM/MS | 3.23 | 1 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 3.93–0.24 | ||
| Gaze to the front | Overall effect | — | 76.22 | 4 | <0.001 | — | — |
| Post-hoc | Control/Still | 0.24 | 1 | 0.62 | 0.05 | −1.91–3.13 | |
| Control/Move | 65.44 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.90 | 5.61–9.38 | ||
| Control/SM | 17.14 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.46 | 2.14–6.29 | ||
| Control/MS | 12.20 | 1 | < 0.001 | 0.38 | 1.55–5.90 | ||
| Still/Move | 50.29 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.71 | 8.89–−4.88 | ||
| Still/SM | 14.71 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.47 | −5.52–−1.69 | ||
| Still/MS | 6.97 | 1 | <0.01 | 0.26 | −5.55–−0.68 | ||
| Move/SM | 22.49 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.53 | −4.68–−1.87 | ||
| Move/MS | 27.82 | 1 | <0.001 | 0.48 | 2.31–5.22 | ||
| SM/MS | 0.31 | 1 | 0.57 | 0.05 | −1.30–2.28 |
Results of the LMERs are provided. All significant post-hoc comparisons were still significant after correction for multiple tests. Time in the centre = time spent by the dogs in the centre of the room. Time stationary = time spent by the dogs stationary. Gaze to the front = time spent by the dogs gazing to the front of the room. MS = Move-Still condition. SM = Still-Move condition. 95% CI and effect size, corresponding to Cohen’s d, are provided.