Table 3.

Calculated values of strain rate (s⁻¹), spall strength (GPa), and peak compressive pressure (GPa) computed using a velocity of 1 km/s and varying pulse durations for the piston for various polycrystalline Al microstructures.

Grain Size, d (nm)	System Size (nm × nm × nm)	Shock Pulse (ps)	Peak Compressive Pressure (GPa)	Strain Rate, $\dot{\epsilon }$ (s−1)	Atomistic Spall Strength, ${\sigma }^{At-Spall}$ (GPa)
50 (MD)	100 × 100 × 150	12.5	18.03	7.17 × 109	5.97
100 (L2)	200 × 200 × 300	25	18.36	3.46 × 109	5.64
100 (MD)	250 × 250 × 500	53	18.95	2.24 × 109	5.50
200 (L4)	400 × 400 × 600	50	18.36	1.74 × 109	5.47
400 (L8)	800 × 800 × 1200	100	18.62	8.17 × 108	5.15
400 (L8)	800 × 800 × 1200	50	12.40	7.49 × 108	4.96
800 (L16)	1600 × 1600 × 2400	200	17.96	4.43 × 108	4.89
3200 (L64)	6400 × 6400 × 9600	800	20.82	1.15 × 108	4.47
3200 (L64)	6400 × 6400 × 9600	100	9.51	8.93 × 107	3.97