Table 1.
Fit Information for Mothers’ and Fathers’ Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) Models
| Mothers
| ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Class | 2 Classes | 3 Classes | 4 Classes | 5 Classes | ||||||
|
| ||||||||||
| Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | |
| BIC | 3800.968 | 3791.145 | 2913.816 | 2892.007 | 2344.824 | 2340.959 | 2332.510 | 2327.728 | 2341.461 | 2333.179 |
| SABIC | 3794.626 | 3781.632 | 2904.304 | 2879.323 | 2325.799 | 2315.592 | 2303.973 | 2289.678 | 2303.411 | 2282.445 |
| VLMR p-Value | N/A | N/A | < .001 | < .001 | .001 | .012 | .160 | .172 | .207 | .549 |
| aLMR p-Value | N/A | N/A | < .001 | < .001 | .002 | .019 | .186 | .186 | .229 | .568 |
| Entropy | N/A | N/A | .998 | .999 | .931 | .929 | .802 | .844 | .727 | .772 |
| Fathers
| ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Class | 2 Classes | 3 Classes | 4 Classes | 5 Classes | ||||||
|
|
||||||||||
| Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | Linear | Quadratic | |
| BIC | 2763.427 | 2746.269 | 2288.223 | 2259.289 | 1733.821 | 1731.523 | 1725.388 | 1726.901 | 1736.800 | – |
| SABIC | 2757.091 | 2736.765 | 2278.718 | 2246.617 | 1714.812 | 1706.178 | 1696.875 | 1688.883 | 1698.782 | – |
| VLMR p-Value | N/A | N/A | < .001 | < .001 | .005 | .004 | .043 | .185 | .271 | – |
| aLMR p-Value | N/A | N/A | < .001 | < .001 | .009 | .008 | .060 | .217 | .301 | – |
| Entropy | N/A | N/A | .998 | .999 | .937 | .943 | .898 | .900 | .750 | – |
Note. BIC: Bayesian information criterion, SABIC: sample size adjusted Bayesian information criterion, VLMR: Vuong-Lo-Mendell-Rubin likelihood ratio test, aLMR: Lo-Mendell-Rubin adjusted likelihood ratio test. The BIC and SABIC consider fit and parsimony, with lower values being favored. A nominal significance level of .05 was used to evaluate the VLMR and aLMR likelihood ratio tests. For fathers, the five-class solution fitting a quadratic growth model in each class yielded an improper solution.