Table 1. Baseline characteristics of study population.
| Characteristic | Total (n = 790) | Skipping ART (-) (n = 537) |
Skipping ART (+) (n = 253) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median age, yr | 43 (34-51) | 44 (34-53) | 42 (34-49) | 0.038 | |
| Male | 0.134 | ||||
| MSM | 211 (26.7) | 137 (25.5) | 74 (29.2) | ||
| MSW | 287 (36.3) | 194 (36.1) | 93 (36.8) | ||
| Bisexual man | 59 (7.5) | 35 (6.5) | 24 (9.5) | ||
| Female | 51 (6.5) | 40 (7.4) | 11 (4.3) | 0.134 | |
| Marriage status | 0.039 | ||||
| Single | 421 (53.3) | 269 (50.1) | 152 (60.1) | ||
| Married | 214 (27.1) | 155 (28.9) | 59 (23.3) | ||
| Separation | 15 (1.9) | 10 (1.9) | 5 (2.0) | ||
| Divorce | 69 (8.7) | 45 (8.4) | 24 (9.5) | ||
| Bereavement | 12 (1.5) | 8 (1.5) | 4 (1.6) | ||
| Cohabitation | 11 (1.4) | 10 (1.9) | 1 (0.4) | ||
| Smoking, current | 329 (41.6) | 195 (36.3) | 134 (53.0) | <0.0001 | |
| Alcohol, current | 370 (46.8) | 222 (41.3) | 148 (58.5) | <0.0001 | |
| Underlying diseases | |||||
| Diabetesa | 45 (5.8, 9) | 29 (5.5, 5) | 16 (6.4, 4) | 0.747 | |
| Dyslipidemiaa | 106 (13.7, 22) | 58 (11, 10) | 48 (19.4, 12) | 0.002 | |
| Metabolic syndromea | 3 (0.4, 2) | 1 (0.2, 1) | 2 (0.8, 1) | 0.507 | |
| Lipodystrophya | 27 (3.4, 25) | 20 (3.8, 20) | 7 (2.8, 5) | 0.621 | |
| Osteoporosisa | 7 (0.9, 2) | 3 (0.6, 2) | 4 (1.6, 0) | 0.309 | |
| Hypertensiona | 80 (10.3, 16) | 52 (9.9, 11) | 28 (11.1, 5) | 0.683 | |
| Myocardial Infarction | 4 (0.5) | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.8) | 0.817 | |
| Angina | 4 (0.5) | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.8) | 0.817 | |
| Cerebral Infarction | 6 (0.8) | 6 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 0.210 | |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 3 (0.4) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.8) | 0.506 | |
| Hepatitis Ba | 39 (5.0, 15) | 27 (5.1, 10) | 12 (4.8, 5) | 0.976 | |
| Hepatitis Ca | 9 (1.1, 3) | 6 (1.1, 3) | 3 (1.2, 0) | 1.000 | |
| Fatty liver | 13 (1.7) | 9 (1.7) | 4 (1.6) | 1.000 | |
| Liver cirrhosis | 7 (0.9) | 3 (0.6) | 4 (1.6) | 0.309 | |
| CKD with HD | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) | 0.702 | |
| CKD with PD | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) | 0.702 | |
| Median CD4+ T cell count (cells/mm3) | 385 (235-552) | 384 (225-552) | 392 (254-553) | 0.339 | |
| Median HIV-RNA (copies/mL) | 28 (19-137.5) | 30 (19-150) | 25 (19-131) | 0.936 | |
| Opportunistic infectionb | 232 (29.4) | 150 (27.9) | 82 (32.4) | 0.228 | |
| Prophylaxis of opportunistic infectionb | 106 (13.4) | 75 (14.0) | 31 (12.3) | 0.584 | |
| ART regimen | 0.355 | ||||
| PI | 70 (8.9) | 45 (8.5) | 25 (10.0) | ||
| Boosted PI | 394 (50.3) | 258 (48.5) | 136 (54.2) | ||
| NNRTI | 234 (29.9) | 165 (31.0) | 69 (27.5) | ||
| NRTI | 4 (0.5) | 4 (0.8) | 0 (0) | ||
| INI | 66 (8.4) | 49 (9.2) | 17 (6.8) | ||
| Others | 15 (1.9) | 11 (2.1) | 4 (1.6) | ||
| Number of tablets/day | 5 (3-7) | 5 (3-7) | 5 (3-7) | 0.612 | |
| Number of daily doses | 0.018 | ||||
| 1 times/day | 99 (12.6) | 79 (14.8) | 20 (8.0) | ||
| 2 times/day | 671 (85.7) | 443 (83.3) | 228 (90.8) | ||
| 3 times/day | 13 (1.7) | 10 (1.9) | 3 (1.2) | ||
| Past ART history | 444 (56.2) | 267 (49.7) | 177 (70.0) | <0.0001 | |
| Number of past ART regimen | 2 (1-3) | 1 (1-3) | 2 (1-3) | 0.023 | |
| Experience of treatment failure | 54 (12.2) | 25 (9.4) | 29 (16.4) | 0.039 | |
| Median duration of current ART (day) | 226.5 (68-541) | 212 (60-523) | 259.0 (98-546) | 0.047 | |
| Median duration of total ART (day) | 516.5 (149-1,331) | 395 (96.5-1,049.0) | 784 (298.5-1,952) | <0.0001 | |
Values are presented as number (%) or median (interquartile range).
aThese valuses are percentage and the number of patients being treated.
bOpportunistic infection included Pneumocystis jirovecii infection, Toxoplasma gondii infection, Candida infection Cryptococcus neoformans infection, Salmonella infection, tuberculosis, and cytomegalovirus infection.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; MSM, men who have sex with men; MSW, men who have sex with women; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HD, hemodialysis; PD, peritoneal dialysis; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; RNA, ribonucleic acid; PI, protease inhibitor; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; INI, integrase inhibitor. ART, antiretroviral therapy.